从“X自由”看类词缀“自由”的形成及原因  

The Process and Reason of Formation about the Class Affix “Freedom” from “X Freedom”

作　　者：王思媛 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学对外汉语学院,上海

出　　处：《现代语言学》2021年第2期455-460,共6页Modern Linguistics

摘　　要：通过考察新词语“X自由”(如“车厘子自由”“苹果自由”“头盔自由”等),分析类词缀“自由”的形成过程及原因。类词缀“自由”继承了古汉语“自由”本义中的“不受拘束、限制”义,形式上受“言论自由”“婚姻自由”等法律词语的构词特点影响,主观上表达[-贬义]的情感色彩,表达“可不受财力约束随心所欲购买某物或完成某事”的共同类属义。在形成原因上,受到经济性原则、类推机制、社会因素、心理因素等语言内外部因素的共同驱动,促使新词语“X自由”快速发展,类词缀“自由”逐步形成。By considering about the new words “X Freedom” (e.g. “Cherry Freedom”, “Apple Freedom”, “Helmet Freedom” and so on), we try to analyze the formation process and reasons of the category affix “Freedom”. It inherits the meaning of “unconstrained, restricted” from ancient Chinese. And it was influenced by legal terms on form such as “freedom of speech” and “freedom of marriage”. The meaning of this class affix is “cannot be constrained by financial resources to buy something or do something at will”. As a result of economic principle, analogies, social factors, psychological factors and other kinds of factors, the new word “X Freedom” developed in a short period. Gradually, the class affix “Freedom” got formed.

关 键 词：X自由 自由 类词缀 能产性 定位性 虚化程度 

分 类 号：H13[语言文字—汉语]