佛经汉语时间状语从句及其回鹘语的对译形式——以佛经《金光明最胜王经》为例  

The Temporal Adverbial Clause in Buddhist Hybrid Chinese and Its Correspondences in Old Uighur—A Case Study of Suvar?aprabhāsa-sūtram

作　　者：叶尔旦 

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学中国少数民族语言文学学院,北京

出　　处：《现代语言学》2022年第3期528-537,共10页Modern Linguistics

摘　　要：佛经汉语中通过标记词“時”引导不同时间义的时间状语从句,其典型结构为{VP + 時}或{時 + VP},以及{VP + (之) + 後}、{從 + VP + 已}、{至 + VP + 已}结构。小句中事件可以为“已然”、“当然”、“未然”,除“已然”事件由动态助词“已”标记外,其他事件的时间义需要通过上下文获知。古代回鹘语译者主要通过形态手段与句法手段来对译佛经汉语中的时间状语从句的引导词:一者、对译为-(X)p形式和-A形式“简单副动词”;二者、对译为“复合副动词”;三者、对译为由引导词qačan与复合副动词的构成构式结构。In Buddhist Hybrid Chinese, it through the subjuntion “時shi” to encode a temporal adverbial clauses which indicates simultaneous temporal semantic meaning, its canonical construction is {VP + 時} or {時 + VP}, and other structure as {VP + (之) + 後}、{從 + VP + 已}、{至 + VP + 已}. The temporal semantic meaning of event in the clause refers to perfect, durative or imperfect, except for the perfect event which is marked by the perfect particle “已yi”, the other temporal meaning of the events ought to be inferred from the context. The Old Uighur translators used both morphological and syntactic means to correspond to the temporal clause’s structure of Buddhist Hybrid Chinese. It could correspond as primary contextual converbs-(X)p or/and -A, or translated as the modifying converbs, or a compounded syntactic subjunction which under the help of conjunction qačan and modifying converbs.

关 键 词：时间状语从句 对译形式 佛经汉语 古代回鹘语 

分 类 号：H211.4[语言文字—少数民族语言]