“大 + 时间词 + 的”构式特征及语用功能^*  

Construction Features and Pragmatic Functions of “Da + Temporal Noun + De”*

作　　者：焦点 

机构地区：[1]大连大学文学院,辽宁 大连

出　　处：《现代语言学》2024年第9期740-747,共8页Modern Linguistics

摘　　要：“大 + 时间词 + 的”作为现代汉语常用构式之一。构式由变量构件“时间词”及常量构件“大”与“的”组成。形义特征上,“大”:副词词性、强调语力。“的”:音系复缀、话题附缀。“时间词”:时间名词及时长延续性、时序循环性两个进入条件。“大 + 时间词 + 的”构式义可概括为:在“时间词”指称的内容范围内,适宜做某种行为,而不适宜做另一种行为的构式义。构式整体具有知域共知性、行域特殊性、言域共时性的构式特征,及语力强调、语用预设、主观性的语用功能。“Da + Temporal Noun + De” is one of the common constructions in modern Chinese. The construction is composed of variable components “Temporal Noun” and constant components “Da” and “De”. In terms of morphological and semantic features, the constant component “Da” shows the characteristics of adverb parts of speech and language power. The expression of “De” is the composition of phonological compound affix and the function of topic affix. The variable component “Temporal Noun” is represented by two entry conditions: time noun, duration continuity and time cycle. The constructional meaning of “Da + Temporal Noun + De” can be summarized as follows: in the scope of the content of “Temporal Noun”, it is suitable to do a certain behavior, but not suitable to do another behavior. From the constructional whole, we get the constructional features of the knowledge domain, the particularity of the action domain, the synchronic of the discourse domain, and the pragmatic functions of the linguistic force emphasis, pragmatic presupposition and subjectivity.

关 键 词：“大 + 时间词 + 的” 构式特征 语用功能 

分 类 号：H14[语言文字—汉语]