变刚度复合材料螺旋弹簧失效模式分析与优化设计  

Failure Mode Analysis and Optimization Design of Composite Helical Spring with Nonlinear Stiffness

作　　者：何俊[1] 柯俊 刘利杰 杨寅泽 

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学机械工程学院,浙江 杭州

出　　处：《建模与仿真》2023年第3期1769-1782,共14页Modeling and Simulation

摘　　要：为了揭示变刚度复合材料螺旋弹簧的失效模式并优化其可靠性,针对性地提出阶梯型和包夹型两种方案。分别采用碳纤维和玻璃纤维预浸料制备两种铺层的变刚度复合材料螺旋弹簧样件。通过台架试验对上述四种弹簧样件进行性能试验。根据试验结果,铺层的连续和间断特征决定了簧丝的应力分布状态并最终引起相应的失效模式,阶梯型铺层和包夹型铺层的主要失效模式分别为层间分层和纤维断裂,且阶梯型玻璃纤维样件具有最佳的可靠性。基于失效模式分析结果,采用遗传算法对阶梯型玻璃纤维变刚度复合材料螺旋弹簧进行可靠性优化设计,通过仿真验证了优化设计效果。上述工作可为变刚度复合材料螺旋弹簧的工程化应用提供参考。In order to reveal the failure mode of nonlinear stiffness composite helical spring and optimize its reliability, two schemes of stepped type and sandwich type are put forward pertinently. Using car-bon fiber and glass fiber prepregs to prepare two kinds of nonlinear stiffness composite helical spring samples. The performance of four kinds of springs is tested by bench test. According to the test results, the continuous and discontinuous characteristics of the ply, which eventually lead to the corresponding failure mode, determine the stress distribution of the spring wire. The main fail-ure modes of stepped ply and sandwich-type ply are delamination and fiber breakage respectively. And the stepped glass fiber sample has the best reliability. Based on the results of failure analysis, the reliability optimization design of stepped glass fiber composite helical spring is carried out by genetic algorithm. The optimization design effect is verified by simulation. The above work can pro-vide reference for engineering application of nonlinear stiffness composite helical spring.

关 键 词：变刚度复合材料 失效模式 纤维断裂 螺旋弹簧 预浸料 玻璃纤维 阶梯型 可靠性优化设计 

分 类 号：TB3[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]