迈克尔逊干涉仪及其干涉中的几个问题  

Several Problems in Michelson Interferometer and Its Interference

作　　者：黄绍书 

机构地区：[1]毕节市第二实验高中,贵州 毕节 [2]安顺学院,贵州 安顺

出　　处：《现代物理》2022年第3期50-58,共9页Modern Physics

摘　　要：迈克尔逊干涉仪是利用分振幅法获得相干双光束以实现干涉的重要精密光学研究仪器,自1881年研制发明至今已近140年。但在实践应用中,对其中的个别元部件作用的认识还存在一些分歧,对涉及到的光的干涉的一些概念的提法也存在一些争议。本文从最基本的光的干涉原理和概念出发,根据相关文献资料,结合杨氏干涉、等倾干涉、等厚干涉以及迈克尔逊干涉进行比对分析,给出合理的观点,以期平息尚有的分歧与争议。The Michelson interferometer is an important precision optical research instrument that uses the split-amplitude method to obtain coherent double beams to achieve interference. It has been in-vented since 1881 for nearly 140 years. However, in practical applications, there are still some differences in the understanding of the role of individual components, and there are some controversies about the concept of some interference in the light involved. Based on the principle and concept of the most basic light interference, this paper combines Young’s interference, equidistant interference, equal-thickness interference and Michelson’s interference for comparative analysis based on relevant literature data, and gives a reasonable viewpoint in order to calm down the existing disagreements and disputes.

关 键 词：迈克尔逊干涉仪 补偿板 迈克尔逊干涉 杨氏干涉 等倾干涉 等厚干涉 单线光路 双线光路 

分 类 号：O4[理学—物理]