Ni₃Al-Ni₃V合金的室温摩擦磨损性能  

Friction and Wear Properties of Ni3Al-Ni3V Alloy at Room Temperature

作　　者：谢威 王振生 李海星 易轶杰 

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学先进矿山装备教育部工程研究中心,湖南 湘潭

出　　处：《材料科学》2020年第8期609-618,共10页Material Sciences

摘　　要：为研究Ni3Al-Ni3V合金的室温磨损机理,采用固溶时效和渗碳工艺制备了不同微观组织的Ni3Al-Ni3V合金,通过往复式磨损实验机测试了其室温磨损性能。实验结果发现,固溶Ni3Al-Ni3V合金由软的Ni3Al相和硬的Ni3Al + Ni3V复合相组成;渗碳Ni3Al-Ni3V合金表面生成了厚度约4 μm的碳化物层和约6 μm的富Ni相过渡层,组织致密,与基体合金结合良好,具有较高硬度和弹性模量的碳化物层提高了合金的摩擦磨损性能。Ni3Al相对环境中水汽敏感,磨损过程中易与水汽反应产生环境脆性,导致Ni3Al-Ni3V合金发生了磨损环境脆性,Al的临界含量为5.53 at.%。随着载荷和滑动速度的增加,固溶Ni3Al-Ni3V合金的磨损机制由磨粒磨损和环境脆性转变为粘着磨损,渗碳Ni3Al-Ni3V合金的碳化物层和富Ni相过渡层逐渐被磨掉后,也发生了环境脆性。To study the wear mechanism of Ni3Al-Ni3V alloy at room temperature, the Ni3Al-Ni3V alloy with different microstructure was prepared by solid solution aging and carburizing process. The wear properties at room temperature were tested by reciprocating wear testing machine. The experi-mental results show that Ni3Al-Ni3V alloy consists of a soft Ni3Al phase and a hard Ni3Al + Ni3V composite phase. After the carburization, a carbonized layer with a thickness of about 4 μm and a Ni-rich phase transition layer of about 6 μm are formed on the surface of the Ni3Al-Ni3V alloy. They form a wear-resistant layer, which is densely bonded and well bonded to the matrix alloy, thereby improving the friction and wear properties of the alloy. In terms of wear mechanism, the soft Ni3Al phase leads to the wear environment embrittlement of Ni3Al-Ni3V alloy and the critical content of Al is 5.53 at.%. As the load and sliding speed increase, the wear mechanism of the solid solution Ni3Al-Ni3V alloy changes from abrasive wear and environment embrittlement to adhesive wear. The carburized Ni3Al-Ni3V alloy also undergoes environmental brittleness after its carbonized layer and Ni-rich phase transition layer are gradually worn away.

关 键 词：Ni₃Al-Ni₃V 摩擦系数 磨损率 环境脆性 磨损机制 

分 类 号：TG1[金属学及工艺—金属学]