中低温固体氧化物燃料电池半导体复合异质结电解质研究进展  

Research Progress on Semiconductor Composite Heterojunction Electrolyte Materials for Medium-Low Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

作　　者：高栋栋 马翰博 史李嘉 许瑞 王婉如 赵君昊 张洁 

机构地区：[1]郑州师范学院物理与电子工程学院,河南 郑州 [2]郑州大学物理学院(微电子学院),河南 郑州 [3]郑州威科姆科技股份有限公司,河南 郑州

出　　处：《材料科学》2023年第12期1114-1123,共10页Material Sciences

摘　　要：中低温固体氧化物燃料电池(IT-SOFC)是未来发展的趋势,单相电解质的离子电导率在600℃以下达不到≥ 0.1 S/cm的商业化应用标准,因此必须开发适合于中低温SOFC的复合电解质材料。本文通过大量研究对比综述了钐掺杂氧化铈–半导体复合异质结电解质、钆掺杂氧化铈–半导体复合异质结电解质、其他离子导体–半导体复合异质结三类半导体–离子导体复合电解质,以及两相半导体复合异质结电解质的研究进展。研究表明与半导体复合后形成的异质结电解质最高电导率 ≥ 0.2 S/cm,是单相电解质电导率的2~3倍,其中钐掺杂氧化铈(SDC)–半导体复合异质结电解质具有更高的离子电导率和更高的功率密度,SDC与多种半导体材料复合后制成的电池最大功率密度 ≥ 1000 mW/cm2,体现出更加优异的性能。这是由于半导体与离子导体的两相复合存在大量异质界面,在异质界面产生内建电场,从而提高材料的离子电导率,同时抑制其电子电导,显示出优异的电学性能。研究结果期望为实验上制备出性能优异的半导体复合异质结电解质提供理论指导。Medium-low temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFC) is the development trend in the future, and the ion conductivity of single-phase electrolytes cannot meet the commercial application standard of ≥ 0.1 S/cm below 600˚C. Therefore, it is necessary to develop composite electrolyte materials suitable for medium-low temperature SOFCs. This article provides a comprehensive review of the research pro-gress of three types of semiconductor-ion conductor composite electrolytes: samarium doped ceria-semiconductor composite heterojunction electrolytes, gadolinium doped ceria-semiconductor composite heterojunction electrolytes, and other ion conductor-semiconductor composite hetero-junctions, as well as the two-phase semiconductor composite heterojunction electrolytes. Research has shown that the highest conductivity of heterojunction electrolytes formed by compounded by semiconductors is ≥ 0.2 S/cm, which is 2~3 times that of single-phase electrolytes. Among them, samarium doped cerium oxide (SDC) - semiconductor composite heterojunction electrolytes have higher ion conductivity and power density. The maximum power density of batteries made by com-bining SDC with various semiconductor materials is ≥ 1000 mW/cm2, reflecting more excellent performance. This is due to the presence of a large number of heterogeneous interfaces in the two-phase composite of semiconductors and ionic conductors, which generates an internal electric field at the heterogeneous interface, thereby improving the ion conductivity of the material while suppressing its electronic conductivity, so the excellent electrical performance can be obtained. The research results are expected to provide theoretical guidance for the preparation of semiconductor composite heterojunction electrolytes with excellent performance in experiments.

关 键 词：中低温固体氧化物燃料电池 异质结电解质 离子电导率 开路电压 功率密度 

分 类 号：TM9[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]