A公司仓储拣货路径优化分析  

Optimal Analysis of A Company’s Warehouse Picking Path

作　　者：杨婷 李政杰 宫子怡 魏嘉成 索晨霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京石油化工学院,北京

出　　处：《管理科学与工程》2021年第3期215-229,共15页Management Science and Engineering

摘　　要：随着互联网电商行业的飞速发展,人们的消费方式发生了改变,越来越多的人们选择网购,人们的需求更加的倾向于多品种、多批次、短周期、小批量等,然而对于物流的配送速度却有了更高的要求,这对仓储作业的效率提出了更高的要求。仓储中拣货作业占总工作量的60%左右,作业时间占总工作量时间的30%到40%,然而拣货的移动成本达到了总仓储作业成本的90%,由此可见,拣货作业是物流活动中非常重要的一个环节,该环节所占的工作时间和工作量都是不能忽视的,物流中心为降低仓储的管理成本,提高效益,不断地通过优化拣货路线来提升仓储的管理效率。本文以A公司为例,提出仓储中存在的问题并进行对策分析。通过对仓储的货位摆放分析和对员工的走访调查,发现了仓储中存在的一些问题:分别是货位设置不合理、拣货前未对订单进行分类归纳排序和拣选路径过长,导致了整体的配送效率低下,通过对这三个问题的分析,同时根据仓储的实际仓储情况,进行货位优化、拣货前的订单分类归纳排序优化,通过构建数学模型进行计算,进行拣货路径的优化,达到提高配送效率的目的。With the rapid development of Internet electricity industry, people’s consumption patterns changed, more and more people choose online shopping, people demand more inclined to many varieties, many batches, short cycle, small batch, etc., for logistics delivery speed, however, have a higher request, this puts forward higher requirements on the efficiency of warehouse operation. In warehousing, picking accounts for about 60% of the total workload, and the operation time accounts for 30% to 40% of the total workload. However, the mobile cost of picking reaches 90% of the total warehousing operation cost. It can be seen that picking is a very important link in logistics activities, and the working time and workload of this link can not be ignored. In order to reduce the management cost of warehousing and improve the efficiency, the logistics center continuously improves the management efficiency of warehousing by optimizing the route of picking goods. Taking A Company as an example, this paper puts forward the problems existing in storage and conducts countermeasures analysis. Through the analysis of warehousing placement and the investigation of the staff, we found some problems in warehousing: position set unreasonable, picking prior sorting and classifying the order picking route is too long, led to the overall distribution of low efficiency, through the analysis of these three questions, and at the same time, according to the actual situation of the warehouse storage, slotting optimization, picking orders before the inductive sequence optimization, by building a mathematical model to calculate, to optimize the picking tour, achieve the purpose of improving the distribution efficiency.

关 键 词：仓储 路径优化 拣货 

分 类 号：F25[经济管理—国民经济]