追诉时效完成的法律后果研究  

The Study about the Legal Consequences of the Completion of the Statute of Limitations for Prosecution

作　　者：王帆 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学法学院,贵州 贵阳

出　　处：《法学（汉斯）》2023年第4期2103-2109,共7页Open Journal of Legal Science

摘　　要：根据《中华人民共和国刑法》(以下简称《刑法》)第87条规定,追诉时效完成的法律后果是“不再追诉”,对于犯罪分子来说,既免其罪,又免其刑。然而,这种罪与刑均归于消灭的制度设计,不仅与刑事司法机关“有罪必罚”的初衷相悖,也不符合人们千百年来根深蒂固的正义观念——“杀人偿命,欠债还钱”,不再追诉之规定难免有违背正义之嫌。本文基于追诉时效制度的理论基础,通过分析时效完成的法律后果的应有价值发现,“免其刑而不免其罪”作为追诉时效完成的法律后果更具合理性,有利于巩固刑法权威,彰显刑法正义,充分发挥追诉时效制度的积极作用。According to Article 87 of the Criminal Law of the People’s Republic of China, the legal consequence of the completion of the statute of limitations for prosecution is “no longer prosecutable”, which means that the offender is exempt from both guilt and punishment. However, this system design that eliminates both guilt and punishment goes against the original intention of “guilty must be punished” by the criminal justice system and does not conform to the long-standing concept of justice of “an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth”. The provision of no longer prosecutable inevitably has the suspicion of violating justice. Based on the theoretical basis of the statute of limitation for prosecution, analysing the connatural values of that statute, this article discovers that the legal consequence of “exempting from punishment but not from guilt” is more reasonable, beneficial to consolidate the authority of criminal law, demonstrate criminal justice, and give full play to the positive role of the statute of limitation for prosecution.

关 键 词：追诉时效完成的法律后果 不再追诉 理论基础 免其刑而不免其罪 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]