简易破产程序的立法进路研究  

Study of the Legislative Approach to Summary Insolvency Proceedings

作　　者：李耀男 

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学法学院(知识产权学院),浙江 杭州

出　　处：《法学（汉斯）》2023年第5期3394-3400,共7页Open Journal of Legal Science

摘　　要：现行《破产法》规定的破产程序是契合大型企业破产的一般破产程序,对于中小微企业破产退市具有不适配性,应当加快建立简易破产程序予以应对。简易破产程序的实践样态体现为国内司法已经进行先期实践积累部分经验,域外立法也已形成相对成熟范例。简易破产程序设立时,针对破解一般破产程序对中小微企业适用司法效率低和破产成本高两项逻辑展开,提供了简易破产程序的理论合理性。应从适用范围和具体设置这两方面对简易破产程序进行规范构造。对于简易破产程序的适用范围,应当围绕“债权债务关系明确”、“债务人财产状况清楚”和“案情简单”为核心标准进行规定,在规定的形式上,应当提纲挈领式提出总体要求,对具体情形进行列举式规定并且伴有兜底性条款。而具体程序设置上则不应仅限于时限的缩短,对于债权人会议等制度也应进一步优化。The bankruptcy procedure stipulated in the current Bankruptcy Law is a general bankruptcy procedure that is in line with the bankruptcy of large enterprises, which is not suitable for the bank-ruptcy and delisting of small and medium-sized enterprises, and should be dealt with by accelerating the establishment of summary bankruptcy procedures. The practice of summary bankruptcy proceedings is reflected in the fact that domestic jurisdictions have accumulated some experience through prior practice, and extraterritorial legislation has also formed a relatively mature example. When the summary bankruptcy procedure is established, the theoretical rationality of the summary bankruptcy procedure is provided for the application of the two logics of low judicial efficiency and high bankruptcy cost to small and medium-sized enterprises in order to crack the general bankruptcy procedure. Summary insolvency proceedings should be structured in terms of scope of application and specific set-up. As for the scope of application of summary bankruptcy proceedings, provisions should be made around the core criteria of “clear relationship between creditor’s rights and debts”, “clear property status of the debtor” and “simple facts of the case”. The specific procedural setup should not be limited to shortening the time limit, and systems such as creditors’ meetings should be further optimized.

关 键 词：简易破产 破产成本 繁简分流 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]