运动员负有照护职责人员评价与监督体系构建——来自美国体操的思考  

Construction of Evaluation and Supervision System of Personnel Responsible for Taking Care of Athletes—Reflections from American Gymnastics

作　　者：唐聪煊 王奇奇 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学体育学院,贵州 贵阳 [2]贵州大学法学院,贵州 贵阳

出　　处：《法学（汉斯）》2023年第6期5355-5361,共7页Open Journal of Legal Science

摘　　要：美国体操队队医在工作的几十年期间性侵五百多名运动员,体育界此类性侵丑闻不在少数。导致美国运动员遭受队医、教练性侵的原因不仅仅是运动员的沉默,更是由于对队医、教练等对运动员负有照护职责人员的评价体系不够完善,监督力度不足。国内学者已经对美国性侵事件的背景、原因进行了详细分析与阐述,提出的解决办法主要包括对运动员加强教育、对其他体育从业者严格把控、构建性侵事件风险规避制度、构建强硬处罚措施。但这些解决措施广度有余而深度不足,在文章中篇幅占比小,操作性可能性小,缺乏系统的可实际操作的监督与评价制度体系。本文旨在提高针对性与可操作性,健全对教练、队医等对运动员负有照护职责人员的监督机制,明确责任主体、种类、大小以及处罚方式,以此保证运动员在训练过程中健康成长。During the decades of work, the American gymnastics team doctors sexually assaulted over 500 athletes and such sexual assault scandals are not uncommon in the sports industry. The reason why American athletes suffer from sexual assault by team doctors and coaches is not only due to the silence of athletes, but also due to the inadequate evaluation system and supervision of personnel responsible for taking care of athletes such as team doctors and coaches. Domestic scholars have conducted a detailed analysis and explanation of the background and causes of sexual assault incidents in the United States. The proposed solutions mainly include strengthening education for athletes, strictly controlling other sports practitioners, building a risk avoidance system for sexual assault incidents, and establishing tough punishment measures. However, these solutions have more breadth but less depth, accounting for a small proportion of the article’s length and operability, and lack a systematic and practical supervision and evaluation system. This article aims to improve pertinence and operability, improve the supervision mechanism for coaches, team doctors, and other personnel responsible for taking care of athletes, and clarify the responsible parties, types, sizes, and punishment methods, in order to ensure the healthy growth of athletes during the training process.

关 键 词：运动员 性侵 负有照护职责人员 

分 类 号：G84[文化科学—体育训练]