从《民法典》1256条浅析环保公司的民事侵权责任承担  

Analysis of Environmental Protection Companies’ Liability for Civil Tort from Article 1256 of The Civil Code

作　　者：杜硕 张丽娜 

机构地区：[1]北京环境有限公司,北京 [2]新东方教育科技集团,北京

出　　处：《法学（汉斯）》2024年第1期395-400,共6页Open Journal of Legal Science

摘　　要：现实生活中,在公共道路上乱扔物品、堆放、遗撒障碍物导致路过车辆、行人发生意外造成损害的情况时有发生,部分受害者将责任归咎于自己,“自认倒霉”,而另外一部分受害人认为责任应由堆放、倾倒、遗撒者和公共道路管理人、环卫公司共同承担。当发生上述情况时,应当由谁承担民事侵权责任呢,本文将根据《中华人民共和国民法典》的相关规定对该问题进行研究。通过分析多位法官对此类侵权案件的判决,并根据该类侵权案件的特殊性,此类案件分两个层次判决环保公司民事侵权责任承担较为合理:第一层次,环保公司非加害方,对受害人不承担民事侵权责任,但若环保公司运营存在过错或违约,应向道路管理者承担合同违约责任,此处的违约责任由于案由不同,应另案审理;第二层次,为减轻各方诉累,环保公司若无法举证证明自身按照与道路管理者签订的合同要求和标准提供清扫保洁等服务,对造成的损害后果,根据各方的过错程度,酌定判决环保公司承担不超过30%的赔偿责任。In real life, on public roads, littering items, stacking, leaving obstacles to cause damage to passing vehicles, pedestrians accidents occur from time to time, some victims will blame themselves, “think bad luck”, while another part of the victims believe that the responsibility should be stacked, dumping, scattering and public road managers, sanitation companies jointly bear. When the above situation occurs, who should bear the tort liability, this article will study this issue in accordance with the relevant provisions of The Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China. By analyzing the judgments of multiple judges on such infringement cases, and based on the particularity of such infringement cases, it is more reasonable to divide these cases into two levels to determine the civil tort liability of environmental protection companies. The first level is that environmental protection companies are not the perpetrators and do not bear civil infringement liability towards the victims. However, if the environmental protection company operates at fault or in breach of contract, it should bear the responsibility for breach of contract to the road manager. The liability for breach of contract here should be tried separately due to different causes of action;at the second level, in order to alleviate the burden of litigation on all parties, if the environmental protection company is unable to provide evidence to prove that it has provided cleaning and other services in accordance with the requirements and standards of the contract signed with the road manager, the environmental protection company will be judged to bear no more than 30% of the compensation liability for the damage caused based on the degree of fault of all parties.

关 键 词：环保公司 侵权责任承担 补充责任 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]