人工湖蓝绿藻浓度与水质和气象条件关系研究  

Study on the Relationship between Blue-Green Algae Concentration and Water Quality and Meteorological Conditions in Artificial Lakes

作　　者：秦子悦 

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学地理学部,云南 昆明 [2]云南省高原地理过程与环境变化重点实验室,云南 昆明

出　　处：《自然科学》2023年第4期641-651,共11页Open Journal of Nature Science

摘　　要：水体的富营养化程度直接或间接地影响着藻类浓度的高低,同时藻类浓度也受外部环境因素的影响。为了解水体中藻类的浓度与水质和气象条件的关系,本文从2017年5月初开始至2017年10月,每月采取传统实验方法对云师大人工湖中水温、pH、氨氮、总磷、硝酸盐氮、总氮以及叶绿素a浓度等指标进行了测量,并且从校内气象站获取了CO2的浓度、总辐射、风速和环境温度等指标。通过相关性分析,结果表明:1) 北湖的藻类爆发特征比较明显,主要集中在6~7月份;2) 在研究的三个湖泊中,1号湖总氮的平均含量为0.919 mg/L,且硝酸盐氮平均含量为0.368 mg/L,氨氮平均含量为0.611 mg/L;总磷的平均含量为0.007 mg/L,很明显,该湖的总氮含量偏高,氮主要来源于氨氮;总磷含量很低,造成了氮磷比很高,磷成为限制因子;3) 南湖总氮平均含量为0.965 mg/L,氨氮平均含量为0.715 mg/L,硝酸盐氮平均含量为0.314 mg/L;总磷平均含量为0.013 mg/L。总氮含量远高于总磷含量,且氮主要来源于氨氮,由氮磷比与叶绿素浓度相关性趋势图得出,南湖的氮磷比与叶绿素整体上呈负相关,相关系数为0.289 (除该湖4号采样点的数值异常偏高),二者相关性较低;4) 北湖总氮平均含量为0.508 mg/L,氨氮平均含量为0.376 mg/L,硝酸盐氮平均含量为0.146 mg/L;总磷平均含量为0.0179 mg/L。总氮含量高于总磷含量,且氮同样主要来源于氨氮,根据氮磷比与叶绿素浓度相关性示意图,二者相关性较低;5) 气象观测和叶绿素a的测定为六个月,相关性分析采用三个湖六个月的气象数据和六个月的叶绿素a进行分析,结果显示,CO2的浓度与叶绿素a的相关性较强,呈负相关;环境温度与叶绿素a浓度呈负相关,相关系数比CO2大;风速与叶绿素a的关系并不大,人工湖受风速影响较小;总辐与叶绿素a的相关性也不是很大;总体来看,气象因子在一定程度上也影响着蓝绿藻The eutrophication degree of water body directly or indirectly affects the algae concentration, and the algae concentration is also affected by external environmental factors. In order to understand the relationship between the concentration of algae in water and water quality and meteorological conditions, traditional experimental methods were used in this paper to meas-ure the water temperature, pH, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, nitrate nitrogen, total ni-trogen and chlorophyll a concentration in the artificial lake of Yunnan Normal University every month from the beginning of May 2017 to October 2017, and the CO2 concentration, total radiation, wind speed and environmental temperature were obtained from the weather station in the school. Through the correlation analysis, the results show that: 1) The characteristics of algae outbreaks in North Lake are obvious, mainly in June-July;2) In the three lakes studied, the av-erage content of total nitrogen in Lake No. 1 is 0.919 mg/L, the average content of nitrate nitrogen is 0.368 mg/L, and the average content of ammonia nitrogen is 0.611 mg/L;the average content of total phosphorus is 0.007 mg/L. Obviously, the total nitrogen content in the lake is high, and the nitrogen mainly comes from ammonia nitrogen. The total phosphorus content is very low, resulting in a high ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus, and phosphorus becomes the limiting factor;3) The average content of total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in Nanhu Lake is 0.965 mg/L, 0.715 mg/L and 0.314 mg/L, respectively. The average content of total phosphorus is 0.013 mg/L. The total nitrogen content is much higher than the total phos-phorus content, and the nitrogen mainly comes from ammonia nitrogen. According to the trend chart of the correlation between the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus and the concentration of chlorophyll, the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus in South Lake is negatively correlated with chlorophyll as a whole, with a correlation coefficient of 0.289 (except for the ab

关 键 词：藻类 水质指标 气象条件 叶绿素A 人工湖 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]