甘肃省农业用水效率评价  

Evaluation of Agricultural Water Use Efficiency in Gansu Province

作　　者：杨婷 陈兴鹏 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院,中国西部循环经济研究中心,甘肃 兰州

出　　处：《可持续发展》2022年第2期444-455,共12页Sustainable Development

摘　　要：在使用Super-SBM模型计算甘肃省14个市州农业用水效率的基础上,通过Malmquist指数分析了1999~2018年甘肃省农业用水效率变化特征,并采用Tobit模型分析了农业用水效率的影响因素,研究发现,从全省14个市州的农业用水效率均值来看,1999~2018年的农业用水效率呈波动上升趋势,其中8个市州的均值达到了DEA有效,嘉峪关市和甘南藏族自治州农业用水效率最高,各市州农业水资源利用效率呈现明显差异。从全要素生产率指数(TFP)看,甘肃省农业用水效率在大部分年份是提高的,且驱动甘肃省农业用水全要素生产率提高的核心因素是技术进步。从影响因素评价来看,人均GDP、城镇化率和节水灌溉面积占比与农业用水效率具有显著的正相关关系,而有效灌溉面积占比对农业用水效率具有显著的负向影响。Based on the calculation of agricultural water use efficiency in 14 cities and states in Gansu Province using the Super-SBM model, the variation characteristics of agricultural water use efficiency in Gansu Province from 1999 to 2018 were analyzed by the Malmquist Index, and the influencing factors of agricultural water use efficiency were analyzed by using the Tobit model, and it was found that from the average agricultural water efficiency of 14 cities and states in the province, the agricultural water use efficiency from 1999 to 2018 showed a fluctuating upward trend, and the average value of 8 cities and states reached DEA effectiveness, Jiayuguan City and Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture have the highest agricultural water use efficiency, and the utilization efficiency of agricultural water resources in various cities and prefectures shows obvious differences. From the perspective of total factor productivity index (TFP), the agricultural water efficiency of Gansu Province has improved in most years, and the core factor driving the improvement of total factor productivity of agricultural water in Gansu Province is technological progress. From the evaluation of influencing factors, the proportion of per capita GDP, urbanization rate and water-saving irrigation area had a significant positive correlation with agricultural water use efficiency, while the proportion of effective irrigation area had a significant negative impact on agricultural water use efficiency.

关 键 词：农业用水效率 Super-SBM模型 MALMQUIST生产力指数 TOBIT回归模型 甘肃 

分 类 号：F327[经济管理—产业经济]