城市大气环境中的微塑料:对其命运、特征及健康影响的研究概述  

Microplastics in Urban Atmospheric Environments: An Overview of Research on Their Fate, Characteristics and Health Effects

作　　者：古雪倩 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学地理科学学院,黑龙江 哈尔滨

出　　处：《可持续发展》2024年第1期218-225,共8页Sustainable Development

摘　　要：微塑料(MP)是一种新兴的环境污染物,普遍存在于环境中。根据不同的采样方法,大气微塑料可分为悬浮微塑料(SAMP)和沉积微塑料(DAMP)。许多研究已经表明,SAMP和DAMP具有不同的成分和丰度,SAMP通常有更多纤维,DAMP具有更多的碎片。吸入大气中的微塑料会对人体健康产生不利影响,引起炎症和氧化应激。此外,大气微塑料还可能携带有害的化学污染物。关于微塑料在环境成分中的存在已经进行了许多研究,本研究进一步整理全球城市大气微塑料的组成特征数据,探究了城市大气微塑料的运输和来源,考察了大气中微塑料的来源和丰度及其产生、积累和命运,初步评估了大气微塑料对人体吸入摄入水平及其健康危害。这项研究将有助于保护公众健康和环境免受大气微塑料的威胁。Microplastics (MP) are a kind of emerging environmental pollutants, which exist widely in the en-vironment. According to different sampling methods, atmospheric microplastics can be divided into suspended microplastics (SAMP) and deposited microplastics (DAMP). Many studies have shown that SAMP and DAMP have different compositions and abundances, with SAMP generally having more fibers and DAMP having more debris. Inhaling microplastics in the atmosphere can adversely affect human health, causing inflammation and oxidative stress. In addition to heavy metals, at-mospheric microplastics can also carry harmful chemical pollutants. Many studies have been con-ducted on the presence of microplastics in the environment. This study further collates the com-position and characteristic data of microplastics in global urban atmosphere, explores the trans-portation and sources of urban atmospheric microplastics, examines the sources and abundance of microplastics in the atmosphere as well as their production, accumulation and fate, and preliminatively evaluates the intake level of atmospheric microplastics to human beings and their health hazards. This research will help protect public health and the environment from the threat of atmospheric microplastics.

关 键 词：微塑料 大气污染 城市污染 健康危害 

分 类 号：TQ3[化学工程]