圈养环境下小熊猫紫色杆菌疾病诊断和防治  

Diagnosis and Control of Purple Bacillus Disease in Red Pandas in Captivity

作　　者：吕亚奎 刘辉[2] 彭霄鹏 王堃[4] 刘敏[1] 李其宇 刘进 朱渺也 王旭[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学生态与环境学院,海南 海口 [2]海南大学林学院,海南 海口 [3]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室,北京 [4]北京林业大学材料科学与技术学院,北京 [5]南京紫清湖野生动物世界,江苏 南京

出　　处：《亚洲兽医病例研究》2022年第2期9-15,共7页Asian Case Reports in Veterinary Medicine

摘　　要：通过对6例成年小熊猫(Ailurus fulgens)发病后的临床特征、死后剖检、病理组织形态学观察以及细菌培养和分离鉴定,发现小熊猫四肢均有不同程度的外伤,脚垫处有黄豆大小的溃疡灶,肝脏质脆易碎,布满粟米样白色坏死灶。疾病初始发生时单独注射头孢哌酮、头孢曲松治疗的小熊猫未见成效,其中5只陆续在6天内连续死亡,病死率达到83.3%。组织病理切片并进行瑞氏染色发现,肝脏和脾脏触片中均见有杆状细菌,多个杆菌排列成条状。从肝脏和脾脏组织中取样接种于血琼板培养小菌落,通过PCR进行细菌16S基因扩增并测序,对比结果显示该杆状细菌为紫色杆菌。通过药敏实验选择肌肉注射头孢哌酮钠舒巴坦钠联合阿米卡星,肌肉注射治疗间隔三天后口服复方新诺明,最终,成功治疗1只紫色杆菌感染病例,目前存活良好,各项体况指标均正常。Six adult red pandas (Ailurusfulgens) were identified by clinical features, post-mortem autopsy,pathological histomorphological observations and bacterial culture andisolation after the onset of the disease. The red pandas were found to havevarying degrees of trauma to the extremities, with soya-sized ulcerative foci onthe foot pads and a brittle, friable liver covered with corn-like whitenecrotic foci. Five of the red pandas treated with cefoperazone and ceftriaxonealone at the initial onset of the disease were unsuccessful, and five of themdied consecutively over a period of six days, resulting in a mortality rate of83.3%. Histopathological sections with Wright’s stain revealed rod-shapedbacteria in both liver and spleen palpations, with multiple rods arranged instrips. Samples from liver and spleen tissueswere inoculated on blood agar plates, small colonies were cultured, and thebacterial 16S gene was amplified and sequenced by PCR, with comparativeresults showing that the rod-shaped bacterium was a purple bacterium.Cefoperazone sodium sulbactam combined with amikacin was selected forintramuscular injection by drug sensitivity test, and cotrimoxazole was givenorally three days after the intramuscular injection treatment. Finally, onecase of Mycobacterium purpleinfection was successfully treated and is now surviving well with normal bodycondition indicators.

关 键 词：小熊猫 紫色杆菌 圈养 疾病 

分 类 号：S858[农业科学—临床兽医学]