卤代阻燃剂环境毒效应和机理研究进展  

Review of Halogenated Flame Retardants Environmental Toxicology

作　　者：葛渊数 

机构地区：[1]上海市环境学校,上海

出　　处：《环境保护前沿》2018年第6期457-465,共9页Advances in Environmental Protection

摘　　要：卤代阻燃剂(Halogenated Flame Retardants, HFRs)是一类能阻止聚合物材料引燃或抑制火焰传播的含卤有机化合物,由于其价格低廉,阻燃效果好,被广泛添加于塑料、纺织品和电子电器等产品中。卤代阻燃剂作为当今世界上使用最为广泛的阻燃剂,虽然少量卤代阻燃剂即可获得优异的阻燃效果,然而卤代阻燃剂在燃烧过程中容易产生有毒和有腐蚀性的气体,具有潜在的生物危害性,HFRs在生产和使用过程中还会释放到环境中,其在环境中具有持久性、长距离迁移性和生物可富集性,对人体和生物体有潜在毒性。卤代阻燃剂的污染是近几十年环境学界持续关注的问题。根据卤原子不同,卤代阻燃剂可以分为溴代阻燃剂和氯代阻燃剂。四溴双酚A(TBBPA)、六溴环十二烷(HBCD)、得克隆(DP)是三种典型的卤代阻燃剂(HFRs),本文主要介绍了这三种典型阻燃剂的分布以及毒性研究进展。Halogenated flame retardants are kinds of halogenated organic compound which can prevent the ignition of polymer materials or the spread of flame. Because of its low price and good flame re-tardant effect, halogenated flame retardants are widely used in plastics, textiles, electronic appli-ances and other products. Halogenated flame retardants as the most widely used flame retardant in the world today, although a small amount of halogenated flame retardants can obtain excellent flame retardant effect, however, halogenated flame retardants in combustion process is easy to gen-erate toxic and corrosive gases, is harmful to the potential biological, HFRs in the process of the production and use will be released to the environment, they are persistent in the environment, of long distance migration enrichment, and potential toxicity to human and organism. The pollution of halogenated flame retardants has been a persistent concern in the field of environmental science in recent decades. According to different halogen atoms, halogenated flame retardants can be divided into brominated flame retardants and chlorinated flame retardants. Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), Dechlorane Plus (DP) are three typical halogenated flame retardants.

关 键 词：卤代阻燃剂(HFRs) 四溴双酚A(TBBPA) 六溴环十二烷(HBCD) 得克隆(DP) 

分 类 号：TQ31[化学工程—高聚物工业]