宜州城区常见绿化树种叶表面微观结构与滞尘能力的比较  

Comparison of Leaf Surface Microstructure and Dust Retention Capacity of Common Greening Tree Species in Yizhou Urban Area

作　　者：黄慧琳 蒋银妹 刘旭辉 覃春 陆小芳 覃勇荣 

机构地区：[1]河池学院化学与生物工程学院,广西 宜州

出　　处：《环境保护前沿》2023年第4期952-970,共19页Advances in Environmental Protection

摘　　要：为了筛选滞尘效果较好的绿化树种,为城镇街区大气净化提供理论支持,以宜州城区13种常见绿化树种为研究对象,采用洗脱——抽滤法测定其单位叶面积滞尘量,分析其不同粒径颗粒物的占比,并利用扫描电镜(SEM)和Image J软件观测叶表面微观结构,对不同树种叶表面微观结构与单位叶面积滞尘量的相关性进行比较分析。结果表明:1) 在宜州城区被测的绿化树种中,单位面积叶表面总颗粒物滞留量表现为交通繁忙区 > 非交通繁忙区,乔木树种的滞尘能力优于灌木树种;2) 在13种被测树种中,其叶表层滞留的大颗粒物占比均超过50 %;除鹅掌柴外,其余树种单位面积叶表层滞留的颗粒物数量均超过其蜡质层;3) 被测树种叶表面微观结构与其滞尘能力密切相关,气孔导度及气孔密度增大,叶片表面(特别是气孔附近)的颗粒物滞留量增加;4) 在13种被测树种中,杧果、白兰、木樨、雅榕和海南蒲桃的综合滞尘效益排名前5,可将其可作为当地街区道路绿化的优选树种。由于不同绿化树种的叶表面微观结构具有一定的差异,其相应的滞尘能力也有不同,因此,可将叶表面微观结构作为优良绿化树种选择的参考依据。In order to screen green tree species with good dust retention effects and provide theoretical support for urban air purification, 13 common green tree species in the urban area of Yizhou were selected as the research object. The dust retention per unit leaf area was measured by elu-tion-extraction filtration method, and the proportion of different particle sizes was analyzed. The leaf surface microstructure was observed by scanning electron microscopy and Image J software. The correlation between leaf surface microstructure and dust retention per unit leaf area of dif-ferent tree species was compared and analyzed. The results showed that: 1) Among the tested green tree species in the urban area of Yizhou, the total particulate matter retention on the leaf surface per unit area showed a trend of being higher in busy traffic areas than in non-busy traffic areas, and the dust retention capacity of tree species was better than that of shrub species;2) Among the 13 tested tree species, the proportion of large particulate matter retained on the leaf surface exceeded 50 %;except for Heptapleurum heptaphyllum, the amount of particulate matter retained in the leaf surface layer per unit area of other tree species exceeds its wax layer;3) The microstructure of the leaf surface of the tested tree species is closely related to its dust retention capacity, with an increase in stomatal conductivity and density, and an increase in particle reten-tion on the leaf surface (especially near stomata);4) Among the 13 tested tree species, Mangifera indica, Michelia alba, Osmanthus fragrans, Ficus concinna and Syzygium hainanense rank among the top 5 in terms of comprehensive dust retention efficiency, making them the preferred tree species for local street greening. Due to the differences in leaf surface microstructure among different greening tree species, their corresponding dust retention ability also varies. Therefore, leaf surface microstructure can be used as a reference for selecting excellent greening tree species.

关 键 词：城区绿化 大气颗粒物 叶表面微观结构 滞尘能力 

分 类 号：TU9[建筑科学]