好氧堆肥氮转化过程研究  

Study on the Nitrogen Conversion Process of Aerobic Composting

作　　者：万亿 马腾龙 

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学地球与环境学院,安徽 淮南

出　　处：《环境保护前沿》2025年第1期51-58,共8页Advances in Environmental Protection

摘　　要：好氧堆肥技术是有机固废资源化处理的关键技术,而堆肥产物氮素含量是衡量产物品质的重要标准,为了了解堆肥过程中氮素的转化方式,本文概括了好氧堆肥的基本过程,总结了好氧堆肥过程中氮素转化主要的生化反应,探究氮素转化过程中参与的主要微生物与功能基因,系统地分析了影响氮素转化的主要影响因素。研究主要结论有:好氧堆肥过程中发生的氮素反应主要有氨化反应,氨的亚硝化及硝化反应,反硝化反应,氨的同化反应和微生物固氮作用;参与氮素转化的微生物主要包括β-变形菌、γ-变形菌、亚硝化单胞菌属、亚硝化螺菌属、Pusillimonas、芽孢杆菌属、施氏假单胞菌、藤黄单胞菌属、粪产碱杆菌、脱亚硫酸菌属、红球菌属、卡斯特兰尼氏菌属、蛭弧菌属、温双歧菌属、优杆菌属和毛螺菌科;影响堆肥过程氮素转化效率的影响因素主要包括原料C/N、水分含量、温度、pH以及氧气供应。Aerobic composting technology is the key technology of organic solid waste resource treatment, and the nitrogen content of compost products is an important criterion to measure the quality of the product, in order to understand the transformation mode of nitrogen in the composting process, this paper summarizes the basic process of aerobic composting, summarizes the main biochemical reactions of nitrogen conversion in the process of aerobic composting, explores the main micro- organisms and functional genes involved in the nitrogen conversion process, and systematically analyzes the main influencing factors of nitrogen conversion. The main conclusions of the study are as follows: the nitrogen reactions in the process of aerobic composting mainly include ammoniation reaction, ammonia nitrosation and nitrification reaction, denitrification reaction, ammonia assimilation reaction and microbial nitrogen fixation. Microorganisms involved in nitrogen transformation include β-Proteobacteria, γ-P

关 键 词：好氧堆肥 氮素转化 微生物 功能基因 

分 类 号：S14[农业科学—肥料学]