Safety of Blood Maintained in Zimbabwe: Low Transfusion Transmissible Infections among Blood Donors  

作　　者：David Zezai Palanivel Chinnakali Riitta A. Dlodlo Hamufare D. Mugauri Philip Owiti Menard Mutenherwa George Mavunganidze Lucy M. Marowa Tonderai Mapako David Zezai;Palanivel Chinnakali;Riitta A. Dlodlo;Hamufare D. Mugauri;Philip Owiti;Menard Mutenherwa;George Mavunganidze;Lucy M. Marowa;Tonderai Mapako(National Blood Service Zimbabwe (NBSZ), Harare, Zimbabwe;Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India;International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France;Ministry of Health and Child Care, AIDS and TB Unit, Harare, Zimbabwe;National Tuberculosis, Leprosy and Lung Disease Programme, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya)

机构地区：[1]National Blood Service Zimbabwe (NBSZ), Harare, Zimbabwe [2]Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India [3]International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France [4]Ministry of Health and Child Care, AIDS and TB Unit, Harare, Zimbabwe [5]National Tuberculosis, Leprosy and Lung Disease Programme, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya

出　　处：《Journal of Biosciences and Medicines》2020年第7期35-43,共9页生物科学与医学（英文）

摘　　要：<strong>Background:</strong> Low level of transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs) is an indicator of a well-performing blood donor program. <strong>Aim:</strong> The study was designed to estimate the prevalence of TTIs and to evaluate the demographic characteristics of reactive and non-reactive blood donors in Zimbabwe in 2018. <strong>Methods:</strong> A cross-sectional study was conducted using routinely available data from January to December 2018 in five branches of National Blood Service Zimbabwe (NBSZ). After initial screening for high-risk behavior with a questionnaire, weight, blood pressure and hemoglobin level, eligible donors were invited for blood donation. The following laboratory tests for TTIs were done: antibodies and antigen tests for human immunodeficiency virus 1 and 2 (HIV 1/2), tests for the surface antigen of hepatitis B virus (HBV), testing for hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody and antibodies for treponema pallidum. Information on age, gender, NBSZ branch, marital status, occupation, donor type (first time/repeat) and TTIs test results were extracted from the NBSZ electronic database (e-Delphyn blood bank software).<strong> Results:</strong> Out of a sample of 1586 blood donors, thirteen (0.81%) were reactive to at least one TTI marker;five (0.32%) were reactive for human immunodeficiency virus, seven (0.44%) for hepatitis B and one (0.06%) for syphilis. There were no samples with co-infection and hepatitis C virus markers. The prevalence of TTIs was highest in the 31 - 45 years age group (2.3%) and among first-time blood donors (4.7%). The prevalence of all TTI was low with the highest prevalence of 0.44% for the hepatitis B virus. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Continued concerted efforts will help to maintain satisfactory blood safety in Zimbabwe.<strong>Background:</strong> Low level of transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs) is an indicator of a well-performing blood donor program. <strong>Aim:</strong> The study was designed to estimate the prevalence of TTIs and to evaluate the demographic characteristics of reactive and non-reactive blood donors in Zimbabwe in 2018. <strong>Methods:</strong> A cross-sectional study was conducted using routinely available data from January to December 2018 in five branches of National Blood Service Zimbabwe (NBSZ). After initial screening for high-risk behavior with a questionnaire, weight, blood pressure and hemoglobin level, eligible donors were invited for blood donation. The following laboratory tests for TTIs were done: antibodies and antigen tests for human immunodeficiency virus 1 and 2 (HIV 1/2), tests for the surface antigen of hepatitis B virus (HBV), testing for hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody and antibodies for treponema pallidum. Information on age, gender, NBSZ branch, marital status, occupation, donor type (first time/repeat) and TTIs test results were extracted from the NBSZ electronic database (e-Delphyn blood bank software).<strong> Results:</strong> Out of a sample of 1586 blood donors, thirteen (0.81%) were reactive to at least one TTI marker;five (0.32%) were reactive for human immunodeficiency virus, seven (0.44%) for hepatitis B and one (0.06%) for syphilis. There were no samples with co-infection and hepatitis C virus markers. The prevalence of TTIs was highest in the 31 - 45 years age group (2.3%) and among first-time blood donors (4.7%). The prevalence of all TTI was low with the highest prevalence of 0.44% for the hepatitis B virus. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Continued concerted efforts will help to maintain satisfactory blood safety in Zimbabwe.

关 键 词：Transfusion Transmissible Infections Blood Donors HEPATITIS Human Immunodeficiency Virus SORT IT 

分 类 号：R51[医药卫生—内科学]