The Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Thermodynamics  

作　　者：Akira Suzuki[1] Hisao Taira[1] 

出　　处：《Journal of Modern Physics》2020年第4期517-527,共11页现代物理（英文）

摘　　要：It is proposed a representation of the basic laws (i.e. the zeroth, first, second and third laws) in thermodynamics for quantum systems in the pure and mixed ensembles, respectively. We show that the basic laws are represented by parameters that specify respective quantum states. The parameters are the elements of the thermodynamic state space Mθand the state space Mϑof the mixed ensemble for quantum systems. The introduction of such parameters is based on a probabilistic nature of quantum theory. Consistency between quantum theory and classical thermodynamics is preserved throughout the formulation for the representation of the thermodynamical laws in quantum systems (quantum thermodynamics). The present theory gives the mathematical foundations of quantum thermodynamics.It is proposed a representation of the basic laws (i.e. the zeroth, first, second and third laws) in thermodynamics for quantum systems in the pure and mixed ensembles, respectively. We show that the basic laws are represented by parameters that specify respective quantum states. The parameters are the elements of the thermodynamic state space Mθand the state space Mϑof the mixed ensemble for quantum systems. The introduction of such parameters is based on a probabilistic nature of quantum theory. Consistency between quantum theory and classical thermodynamics is preserved throughout the formulation for the representation of the thermodynamical laws in quantum systems (quantum thermodynamics). The present theory gives the mathematical foundations of quantum thermodynamics.

关 键 词：Basic LAWS in THERMODYNAMICS THERMODYNAMIC State Space Pure and MIXED States CLASSICAL THERMODYNAMICS Quantum THERMODYNAMICS TRANSITIVE Law MIXED Ensemble 

分 类 号：X70[环境科学与工程—环境工程]