Opaque Polyploid Cells in Ishikawa Endometrial Cultures Are Capable of Forming Megamitochondria, Organelles Derived from the Adaptation of Fused Mitochondria Whose Capacity to Develop Gaseous Vacuoles Suggests CO₂Retention and Hypoxic Metabolism  

作　　者：Honoree Fleming Honoree Fleming(Castleton State College, Castleton, VT, USA)

机构地区：[1]Castleton State College, Castleton, VT, USA

出　　处：《Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology》2021年第7期229-255,共27页生命科学与技术进展（英文）

摘　　要：Opaque polyploid cells capable of forming megamitochondria are a constant <span style="font-family:Verdana;">feature in colonies of Ishikawa endometrial epithelia, accounting for ap</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">proximately 5</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">% </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">10% of the cells. Opaque cells appear to communicate with other </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">opaque cells via membrane extensions and with other cells in a colony by </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">extra</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cellular vesicles. Opaque cells form first as rectangular structures, somewhat larger than surrounding monolayer cells. The cells eventually round up, re</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">maining in the colony for 20 or more hours before detaching. The most </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">un</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">usual characteristic of Ishikawa opaque cells is their capacity to form mitonucleons, megamitochondria that surround aggregated chromatin. This</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> paper reviews evidence that adaptations resulting in megamitochondria i</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">nclude a loss of the capacity for oxidative phosphorylation leaving the adapted </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">megamitochondria reliant on metabolism such as reductive carboxylation.</span></span>Opaque polyploid cells capable of forming megamitochondria are a constant <span style="font-family:Verdana;">feature in colonies of Ishikawa endometrial epithelia, accounting for ap</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">proximately 5</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">% </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">10% of the cells. Opaque cells appear to communicate with other </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">opaque cells via membrane extensions and with other cells in a colony by </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">extra</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cellular vesicles. Opaque cells form first as rectangular structures, somewhat larger than surrounding monolayer cells. The cells eventually round up, re</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">maining in the colony for 20 or more hours before detaching. The most </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">un</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">usual characteristic of Ishikawa opaque cells is their capacity to form mitonucleons, megamitochondria that surround aggregated chromatin. This</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> paper reviews evidence that adaptations resulting in megamitochondria i</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">nclude a loss of the capacity for oxidative phosphorylation leaving the adapted </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">megamitochondria reliant on metabolism such as reductive carboxylation.</span></span>

关 键 词：Mitonucleons Megamitochondria Opaque Polyploid Cells Membrane Extensions Extracellular Vesicles Reductive Carboxylation Endogenous Biotin Hypoxia 

分 类 号：O17[理学—数学]