Genetic Enhancement of Indigenous Cowpea with Gamma-Ray Induced Trait Variation  

作　　者：Mathurin Tiergnin Dabiré Minimassom Philippe Nikiéma Djibril Yonli Safiatou Sanna Wossoguim Josué Gouba Siébou Palé Hamidou Traoré Joseph T. B. Batieno Varra Prasad Zacharia Stewart Jan B. Middendorf Abhishek Rathore Anupama J. Hingane Mathurin Tiergnin Dabiré;Minimassom Philippe Nikiéma;Djibril Yonli;Safiatou Sanna;Wossoguim Josué Gouba;Siébou Palé;Hamidou Traoré;Joseph T. B. Batieno;Varra Prasad;Zacharia Stewart;Jan B. Middendorf;Abhishek Rathore;Anupama J. Hingane(Unit de Formation et de Recherches en Sciences et Technologies, Dpartement des Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, Universit Norbert ZONGO, Koudougou, Burkina Faso;Institut de lEnvironnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso;Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, USA;Center for Agriculture-Led Growth Bureau for Resilience and Food Security United States Agency for International Development, United States Agency for International Development, Washington DC, USA;International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, India;Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, Plant Breeding and Genetics Laboratory, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Seibersdorf, Vienna, Austria)

机构地区：[1]Unit de Formation et de Recherches en Sciences et Technologies, Dpartement des Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, Universit Norbert ZONGO, Koudougou, Burkina Faso [2]Institut de lEnvironnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso [3]Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, USA [4]Center for Agriculture-Led Growth Bureau for Resilience and Food Security United States Agency for International Development, United States Agency for International Development, Washington DC, USA [5]International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, India [6]Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, Plant Breeding and Genetics Laboratory, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Seibersdorf, Vienna, Austria

出　　处：《American Journal of Plant Sciences》2024年第8期651-676,共26页美国植物学期刊（英文）

摘　　要：Production of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), a staple legume crop in Sub-Saharan Africa, faces challenges due to biotic and abiotic constraints. Induced mutagenesis was deployed to create genetic variation in two cowpea varieties (KVX396-4-5-2D and Moussa local). The radio-sensitivity tests led to determe the lethal dose 50 (LD50) corresponding to 230 Gy and 220 Gy for KVX396-4-5-2D and Moussa local varieties, respectively. Dried seeds (M0) of each variety were gamma-ray irradiated with LD50 − 50, LD50 and LD50 + 50. M1 seeds were advanced to generate M2, M3 and M4 mutants using the single-seed-descent method. M4 mutant lines were evaluated in rain-fed conditions using a randomized complete block design to assess phenotypic differences. Data on seven qualitative and eleven quantitative traits were collected. The results indicated that the mutation induced variability in three qualitative traits: in KVX 396-4-5-2D mutant lines, with flower and seed color frequencies at 2.61% and 0.56% respectively, and pod dehiscence at a frequency of 0.24%. While in Moussa local mutants, a pod color changed at a frequency of 17%. ANOVA results revealed significant differences between mutants of both varieties for all quantitative traits, including photosynthetic parameters. Positive correlations were observed between leaf diameter and 100-seed weight, and between branch number and 100-seed weight. Hierarchical clustering revealed three clusters among KVX 396-4-5-2D mutants and six clusters among Moussa local mutants. Early maturity and high foliage were induced traits in Cluster 3 of KVX 396-4-5-2D mutants while high hundred-seed weight was induced in Cluster 6 of Moussa local mutants.Production of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), a staple legume crop in Sub-Saharan Africa, faces challenges due to biotic and abiotic constraints. Induced mutagenesis was deployed to create genetic variation in two cowpea varieties (KVX396-4-5-2D and Moussa local). The radio-sensitivity tests led to determe the lethal dose 50 (LD50) corresponding to 230 Gy and 220 Gy for KVX396-4-5-2D and Moussa local varieties, respectively. Dried seeds (M0) of each variety were gamma-ray irradiated with LD50 − 50, LD50 and LD50 + 50. M1 seeds were advanced to generate M2, M3 and M4 mutants using the single-seed-descent method. M4 mutant lines were evaluated in rain-fed conditions using a randomized complete block design to assess phenotypic differences. Data on seven qualitative and eleven quantitative traits were collected. The results indicated that the mutation induced variability in three qualitative traits: in KVX 396-4-5-2D mutant lines, with flower and seed color frequencies at 2.61% and 0.56% respectively, and pod dehiscence at a frequency of 0.24%. While in Moussa local mutants, a pod color changed at a frequency of 17%. ANOVA results revealed significant differences between mutants of both varieties for all quantitative traits, including photosynthetic parameters. Positive correlations were observed between leaf diameter and 100-seed weight, and between branch number and 100-seed weight. Hierarchical clustering revealed three clusters among KVX 396-4-5-2D mutants and six clusters among Moussa local mutants. Early maturity and high foliage were induced traits in Cluster 3 of KVX 396-4-5-2D mutants while high hundred-seed weight was induced in Cluster 6 of Moussa local mutants.

关 键 词：COWPEA MUTAGENESIS Gamma Rays Radio-Sensitivity PHENOTYPING 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]