Quality Evaluation of Low-Fat Pork Sausages Using Quinoa Flour and Gum Arabic from Acacia senegal var. kerensis  

作　　者：Martha Bosibori Ombonga Mary Nyambeki Omwamba Benard Odhiambo Oloo Martha Bosibori Ombonga;Mary Nyambeki Omwamba;Benard Odhiambo Oloo(Department of Dairy and Food Science and Technology, Egerton University, Egerton, Kenya)

机构地区：[1]Department of Dairy and Food Science and Technology, Egerton University, Egerton, Kenya

出　　处：《Food and Nutrition Sciences》2024年第12期1230-1252,共23页食品与营养科学(英文)

摘　　要：Pork sausages contain significantly high amounts of saturated fat and they have been linked to various cardiovascular diseases. Fat substitutes used to reduce the amount of saturated fat include starch, gums, soy, plant oils, cereal-based substitutes like chia and oats. Due to modification, such sausages have been reported to have undesirable sensory and physicochemical properties, such as hardening and lowered emulsion stability. Quinoa is a nutritious pseudo cereal comprising all the essential amino acids and has been shown to have good binding abilities. However, its potential has not yet been fully utilized in product development, especially in the meat industry. This research study aimed to investigate the effect of quinoa flour and gum Arabic on the physicochemical, nutritional, and textural properties of pork sausages. Quinoa flour was used in sausage formulation to partially substitute pork fat, while gum Arabic from Acacia senegal var. kerensis was used to stabilize the emulsion. The resulting sausages were analyzed for crude protein, crude fat, moisture, expressible moisture, pH, in vitro protein digestibility, and texture. The results indicated that, increase in the levels of quinoa flour significantly (p < 0.05) increased the crude protein content from 11.83% to 17.94% and reduced the amount of crude fat from 29.73% to 10.41%. However, addition of quinoa led to a significant increase in hardness, gumminess and chewiness. On the other hand, increasing the levels of gum Arabic led to a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in cooking loss, expressible moisture and hardness but it increased ash content. Combining quinoa flour and gum Arabic in low fat pork sausages improved their crude protein, crude fat, ash content, hardness and gumminess properties. The results of this study showed that quinoa flour and gum Arabic can be utilized to produce nutritious and acceptable low-fat pork sausages.Pork sausages contain significantly high amounts of saturated fat and they have been linked to various cardiovascular diseases. Fat substitutes used to reduce the amount of saturated fat include starch, gums, soy, plant oils, cereal-based substitutes like chia and oats. Due to modification, such sausages have been reported to have undesirable sensory and physicochemical properties, such as hardening and lowered emulsion stability. Quinoa is a nutritious pseudo cereal comprising all the essential amino acids and has been shown to have good binding abilities. However, its potential has not yet been fully utilized in product development, especially in the meat industry. This research study aimed to investigate the effect of quinoa flour and gum Arabic on the physicochemical, nutritional, and textural properties of pork sausages. Quinoa flour was used in sausage formulation to partially substitute pork fat, while gum Arabic from Acacia senegal var. kerensis was used to stabilize the emulsion. The resulting sausages were analyzed for crude protein, crude fat, moisture, expressible moisture, pH, in vitro protein digestibility, and texture. The results indicated that, increase in the levels of quinoa flour significantly (p < 0.05) increased the crude protein content from 11.83% to 17.94% and reduced the amount of crude fat from 29.73% to 10.41%. However, addition of quinoa led to a significant increase in hardness, gumminess and chewiness. On the other hand, increasing the levels of gum Arabic led to a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in cooking loss, expressible moisture and hardness but it increased ash content. Combining quinoa flour and gum Arabic in low fat pork sausages improved their crude protein, crude fat, ash content, hardness and gumminess properties. The results of this study showed that quinoa flour and gum Arabic can be utilized to produce nutritious and acceptable low-fat pork sausages.

关 键 词：Pork Sausages Quinoa Flour Gum Arabic Physicochemical Properties Textural Properties 

分 类 号：TG1[金属学及工艺—金属学]