Revolutionizing Hemodialysis Water Quality: Development and Evaluation of TiO₂ Nanoparticle-Enhanced Microporous Filters  

作　　者：Opeyemi Temilade Enang Bakiyat Oluwagbemisola Azeez Babatunde Temitope Ogunyemi Aminah Abolore Sulayman Dauda Olurotimi Araromi Morufu Olalekan Raimi Opeyemi Temilade Enang;Bakiyat Oluwagbemisola Azeez;Babatunde Temitope Ogunyemi;Aminah Abolore Sulayman;Dauda Olurotimi Araromi;Morufu Olalekan Raimi(Department of Chemical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria;Department of Chemistry, Federal University Otuoke, Otuoke, Nigeria;Niger-Delta Institute for Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases (NDIERID), Federal University Otuoke, Otuoke, Nigeria)

机构地区：[1]Department of Chemical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria [2]Department of Chemistry, Federal University Otuoke, Otuoke, Nigeria [3]Niger-Delta Institute for Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases (NDIERID), Federal University Otuoke, Otuoke, Nigeria

出　　处：《Advances in Nanoparticles》2025年第1期12-36,共25页纳米粒子(英文)

摘　　要：Rationale: Endotoxin contamination in conventionally purified water poses serious risks to hemodialysis patients, leading to complications such as inflammation and sepsis. Addressing these risks is essential for enhancing patient safety and meeting global dialysis water quality standards. Advanced filtration technologies, such as titanium dioxide (TiO₂)-based nanoparticle filters, offer a promising approach to improve water purification processes in renal care. Objectives: This study aimed to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a TiO₂-based nanoparticle microporous filtration system for hemodialysis water purification. The objectives included analyzing the system’s performance in reducing chemical contaminants (calcium, magnesium, aluminum, and lead) and microbiological contaminants (total viable count [TVC] and endotoxin units [EU]) across multiple renal centers. Methods: Water samples from three renal centers (RC1, RC2, and RC3) were analyzed pre- and post-filtration. TiO₂ nanoparticles were synthesized using the sol-gel method and characterized via Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM/EDX). The microporous filter, fabricated with TiO₂ nanoparticles, silicon dioxide, and polyethylene glycol (PEG), was tested for its ability to remove contaminants. Analytical techniques included spectroscopy for chemical analysis and microbiological assays for contaminant quantification. Results: Post-treatment analysis revealed significant reductions in chemical contaminants, with removal efficiencies averaging 78% for calcium, 80% for magnesium, 81% for aluminum, and 76.6% for lead across all centers. Microbiological contamination was also substantially reduced, with 78–80% removal of TVC and 76–84.6% reduction in EU levels. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of hydroxyl groups critical for adsorption, while SEM/EDX characterization revealed a crystalline structure with a particle size of 1.45 nm, pore size of 4.11 μm, Rationale: Endotoxin contamination in conventionally purified water poses serious risks to hemodialysis patients, leading to complications such as inflammation and sepsis. Addressing these risks is essential for enhancing patient safety and meeting global dialysis water quality standards. Advanced filtration technologies, such as titanium dioxide (TiO₂)-based nanoparticle filters, offer a promising approach to improve water purification processes in renal care. Objectives: This study aimed to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a TiO₂-based nanoparticle microporous filtration system for hemodialysis water purification. The objectives included analyzing the system’s performance in reducing chemical contaminants (calcium, magnesium, aluminum, and lead) and microbiological contaminants (total viable count [TVC] and endotoxin units [EU]) across multiple renal centers. Methods: Water samples from three renal centers (RC1, RC2, and RC3) were analyzed pre- and post-filtration. TiO₂ nanoparticles were synthesized using the sol-gel method and characterized via Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM/EDX). The microporous filter, fabricated with TiO₂ nanoparticles, silicon dioxide, and polyethylene glycol (PEG), was tested for its ability to remove contaminants. Analytical techniques included spectroscopy for chemical analysis and microbiological assays for contaminant quantification. Results: Post-treatment analysis revealed significant reductions in chemical contaminants, with removal efficiencies averaging 78% for calcium, 80% for magnesium, 81% for aluminum, and 76.6% for lead across all centers. Microbiological contamination was also substantially reduced, with 78–80% removal of TVC and 76–84.6% reduction in EU levels. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of hydroxyl groups critical for adsorption, while SEM/EDX characterization revealed a crystalline structure with a particle size of 1.45 nm, pore size of 4.11 μm,

关 键 词：TiO2 Nanoparticles HEMODIALYSIS Water Purification Endotoxin Contamination Photocatalytic Filtration Nanotechnology Microporous Filter Sol-Gel Synthesis Microbiological Contaminants Environmental Remediation 

分 类 号：O64[理学—物理化学]