Virtual Water Flows of Brazil’s International Trade  

作　　者：Umberto Antonio Sesso Filho Ricardo Luís Lopes Carlos Alberto Gonçalves Junior Emerson Guzzi Zuan Esteves Patrícia Pompermayer Sesso Umberto Antonio Sesso Filho;Ricardo Luís Lopes;Carlos Alberto Gonçalves Junior;Emerson Guzzi Zuan Esteves;Patrícia Pompermayer Sesso(Department of Economics, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil;Department of Economics, State University of Maring (UEM), Maring, Brazil;Department of Economics, State University of Western Paran (Unioeste), Toledo, Brazil;Institute for Rural Development of Parana, Londrina, Brazil)

机构地区：[1]Department of Economics, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil [2]Department of Economics, State University of Maring (UEM), Maring, Brazil [3]Department of Economics, State University of Western Paran (Unioeste), Toledo, Brazil [4]Institute for Rural Development of Parana, Londrina, Brazil

出　　处：《Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection》2024年第10期21-37,共17页地球科学和环境保护期刊（英文）

摘　　要：The study aims to measure virtual water flows in Brazil’s international trade. The methodology is based on the input-output matrix, and the database used was the Eora Global Supply Chain Database. The results showed that Brazil exported 230.8 billion m3 of virtual water per year, representing approximately 34.7% of the water footprint of the national production system in 2015. Virtual water imports totaled 111.6 billion m3 with a positive balance (net exports) of 119.2 billion m3. The country is a net exporter of this resource except for trade relations with South America and Africa, regions with negative balances of −36 billion m3 and 3 billion m3, respectively. The main destinations for virtual water exports from Brazil are Europe, with 41% of the total exported, followed by Asia and North America, with values close to 20%. The fact that Brazil is a net exporter of water makes sustainable use of the resource important, as the diversity of climate, soil, and water availability at a regional level is a challenge, which makes it essential to increase the efficiency of the use and management of water resources.The study aims to measure virtual water flows in Brazil’s international trade. The methodology is based on the input-output matrix, and the database used was the Eora Global Supply Chain Database. The results showed that Brazil exported 230.8 billion m3 of virtual water per year, representing approximately 34.7% of the water footprint of the national production system in 2015. Virtual water imports totaled 111.6 billion m3 with a positive balance (net exports) of 119.2 billion m3. The country is a net exporter of this resource except for trade relations with South America and Africa, regions with negative balances of −36 billion m3 and 3 billion m3, respectively. The main destinations for virtual water exports from Brazil are Europe, with 41% of the total exported, followed by Asia and North America, with values close to 20%. The fact that Brazil is a net exporter of water makes sustainable use of the resource important, as the diversity of climate, soil, and water availability at a regional level is a challenge, which makes it essential to increase the efficiency of the use and management of water resources.

关 键 词：Natural Resources Water Balance INPUT-OUTPUT ENVIRONMENT 

分 类 号：F75[经济管理—国际贸易]