Monitoring of Air Quality for Particulate Matter (PM2.5, PM10) and Heavy Metals Proximate to a Cement Factory in Ewekoro, Nigeria  

作　　者：Alaba Awos Shirley Thompson Oludare Adedeji Francis Zvomuya Qiang Zhang Alaba Awos;Shirley Thompson;Oludare Adedeji;Francis Zvomuya;Qiang Zhang(Natural Resource Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada;College of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria;Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada;Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada)

机构地区：[1]Natural Resource Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada [2]College of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria [3]Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada [4]Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada

出　　处：《Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection》2024年第10期152-180,共29页地球科学和环境保护期刊（英文）

摘　　要：A cement factory nearby communities raise pollution concerns. This study assessed air pollution levels for respirable particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) and heavy metals (lead, chromium, nickel, cadmium, zinc and copper) adjacent to a cement factory in Ewekoro and neighbouring communities (Papalantoro, Lapeleko and Itori) in Ogun State, Nigeria. Respirable particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) and heavy metals were measured using an ARA N-FRM cassette sampler. Each location sampled was monitored for eight continuous hours daily for 12 days. The PM2.5, PM10 and heavy metals results were compared with different standards, including those of the World Health Organization (WHO), Nigeria’s National Environmental Standard and Regulation Enforcement Agency (NESREA) and Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standards (CAAQS). The PM levels fell within 11 - 19 μg/m3 of the air management level of CAAQS, which signifies continuous actions are needed to improve air quality in the areas monitored but below the NESREA standard. The mean Cd, Cr and Ni concentrations in the cement factory area and the impacted neighbourhoods are higher than the WHO/EU permissible limits, while Zn and Cu were below the WHO/EU permissible limit. A risk assessment hazard quotient (HQ) for Cr was above the WHO/EU safe level (=1) in adults and children throµgh ingestion, inhalation and dermal contact at all the monitoring sites. The HQ for Ni and Cd was higher than the safe level in the cement factory area and Papalantoro, while Zn was at safe levels.A cement factory nearby communities raise pollution concerns. This study assessed air pollution levels for respirable particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) and heavy metals (lead, chromium, nickel, cadmium, zinc and copper) adjacent to a cement factory in Ewekoro and neighbouring communities (Papalantoro, Lapeleko and Itori) in Ogun State, Nigeria. Respirable particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) and heavy metals were measured using an ARA N-FRM cassette sampler. Each location sampled was monitored for eight continuous hours daily for 12 days. The PM2.5, PM10 and heavy metals results were compared with different standards, including those of the World Health Organization (WHO), Nigeria’s National Environmental Standard and Regulation Enforcement Agency (NESREA) and Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standards (CAAQS). The PM levels fell within 11 - 19 μg/m3 of the air management level of CAAQS, which signifies continuous actions are needed to improve air quality in the areas monitored but below the NESREA standard. The mean Cd, Cr and Ni concentrations in the cement factory area and the impacted neighbourhoods are higher than the WHO/EU permissible limits, while Zn and Cu were below the WHO/EU permissible limit. A risk assessment hazard quotient (HQ) for Cr was above the WHO/EU safe level (=1) in adults and children throµgh ingestion, inhalation and dermal contact at all the monitoring sites. The HQ for Ni and Cd was higher than the safe level in the cement factory area and Papalantoro, while Zn was at safe levels.

关 键 词：Particulate Matter Heavy Metals Air Sampling Cement Factory Pollution Hazard Quotient CEMENT Industrial Pollution 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]