Phytoremediation Strategies for Heavy Metal Contamination: A Review on Sustainable Approach for Environmental Restoration  

作　　者：Mariam Salifu Matthew Abu John Murtala Abubakar Ibukunoluwa Abimbola Bankole Nneka Damola Ajayi Olawumi Amusan Mariam Salifu;Matthew Abu John;Murtala Abubakar;Ibukunoluwa Abimbola Bankole;Nneka Damola Ajayi;Olawumi Amusan(Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, Olemiss, MS, USA;Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria;Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA;Directorate of Research and Development, Nigerian Institute of Leather and Science Technology (NILEST), Zaria, Nigeria;Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA)

机构地区：[1]Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, Olemiss, MS, USA [2]Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria [3]Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA [4]Directorate of Research and Development, Nigerian Institute of Leather and Science Technology (NILEST), Zaria, Nigeria [5]Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA

出　　处：《Journal of Environmental Protection》2024年第4期450-474,共25页环境保护（英文）

摘　　要：Current globalization trends and important breakthroughs globally need a complete study of heavy metal contamination, its causes, its impacts on human and environmental health, and different remediation strategies. Heavy metal pollution is mostly produced by urbanization and industry, which threatens ecosystems and human health. Herein, we discuss a sustainable environmental restoration strategy employing phytoremediation for heavy metal pollution, the carcinogenic, mutagenic, and cytotoxic effects of heavy metals such as cadmium, copper, mercury, selenium, zinc, arsenic, chromium, lead, nickel, and silver, which may be fatal. Phytoremediation, which was prioritized, uses plants to remove, accumulate, and depollute pollutants. This eco-friendly method may safely collect, accumulate, and detoxify toxins using plants, making it popular. This study covers phytostabilization, phytodegradation, rhizodegradation, phytoextraction, phytovolatilization, and rhizofiltration. A phytoremediation process’s efficiency in varied environmental circumstances depends on these components’ complex interplay. This paper also introduces developing phytoremediation approaches including microbe-assisted, chemical-assisted, and organic or bio-char use. These advancements attempt to overcome conventional phytoremediation’s limitations, such as limited suitable plant species, location problems, and sluggish remediation. Current research includes machine learning techniques and computer modeling, biostimulation, genetic engineering, bioaugmentation, and hybrid remediation. These front-line solutions show that phytoremediation research is developing towards transdisciplinary efficiency enhancement. We acknowledge phytoremediation’s promise but also its drawbacks, such as site-specific variables, biomass buildup, and sluggish remediation, as well as ongoing research to address them. In conclusion, heavy metal pollution threatens the ecology and public health and must be reduced. Phytoremediation treats heavy metal pollution in differeCurrent globalization trends and important breakthroughs globally need a complete study of heavy metal contamination, its causes, its impacts on human and environmental health, and different remediation strategies. Heavy metal pollution is mostly produced by urbanization and industry, which threatens ecosystems and human health. Herein, we discuss a sustainable environmental restoration strategy employing phytoremediation for heavy metal pollution, the carcinogenic, mutagenic, and cytotoxic effects of heavy metals such as cadmium, copper, mercury, selenium, zinc, arsenic, chromium, lead, nickel, and silver, which may be fatal. Phytoremediation, which was prioritized, uses plants to remove, accumulate, and depollute pollutants. This eco-friendly method may safely collect, accumulate, and detoxify toxins using plants, making it popular. This study covers phytostabilization, phytodegradation, rhizodegradation, phytoextraction, phytovolatilization, and rhizofiltration. A phytoremediation process’s efficiency in varied environmental circumstances depends on these components’ complex interplay. This paper also introduces developing phytoremediation approaches including microbe-assisted, chemical-assisted, and organic or bio-char use. These advancements attempt to overcome conventional phytoremediation’s limitations, such as limited suitable plant species, location problems, and sluggish remediation. Current research includes machine learning techniques and computer modeling, biostimulation, genetic engineering, bioaugmentation, and hybrid remediation. These front-line solutions show that phytoremediation research is developing towards transdisciplinary efficiency enhancement. We acknowledge phytoremediation’s promise but also its drawbacks, such as site-specific variables, biomass buildup, and sluggish remediation, as well as ongoing research to address them. In conclusion, heavy metal pollution threatens the ecology and public health and must be reduced. Phytoremediation treats heavy metal pollution in differe

关 键 词：PHYTOREMEDIATION HEAVY-METAL CONTAMINATION SUSTAINABILITY RESTORATION 

分 类 号：F42[经济管理—产业经济]