Water Quality Assessment in the Bamoun Plateau, Western-Cameroon: Hydrogeochemical Modelling and Multivariate Statistical Analysis Approach  被引量:1

Water Quality Assessment in the Bamoun Plateau, Western-Cameroon: Hydrogeochemical Modelling and Multivariate Statistical Analysis Approach

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作  者:Zakari Mfonka Amidou Kpoumié Abdou Nasser Ngouh Oumar Farouk Mouncherou Daouda Nsangou Felaniaina Rakotondrabe Alain Fouépé Takounjou Mounira Zammouri Jules Rémy Ndam Ngoupayou Paul-Désiré Ndjigui Zakari Mfonka;Amidou Kpoumié;Abdou Nasser Ngouh;Oumar Farouk Mouncherou;Daouda Nsangou;Felaniaina Rakotondrabe;Alain Fouépé Takounjou;Mounira Zammouri;Jules Rémy Ndam Ngoupayou;Paul-Désiré Ndjigui(Geosciences, Natural, Resources and Environment Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon;Geosciences and Sustainable Development Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon;National Institute of Cartography, Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, Yaoundé, Cameroon;Institute for Geological and Mining Research, Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, Yaoundé, Cameroon;Geosciences of Superficial Formations and Applications Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaounde, Cameroon;Center of Water Research and Technologies, Geo-Resources Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia)

机构地区:[1]Geosciences, Natural, Resources and Environment Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon [2]Geosciences and Sustainable Development Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon [3]National Institute of Cartography, Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, Yaoundé, Cameroon [4]Institute for Geological and Mining Research, Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, Yaoundé, Cameroon [5]Geosciences of Superficial Formations and Applications Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaounde, Cameroon [6]Center of Water Research and Technologies, Geo-Resources Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia

出  处:《Journal of Water Resource and Protection》2021年第2期112-138,共27页水资源与保护(英文)

摘  要:This study focuses on the geochemical and bacteriological investigation of surface and ground water in the Bamoun plateau (Western-Cameroon). During the period from September 2013 to August 2014, 71 samples were collected from two springs, one borehole, four wells and the Nchi stream for analysis of major elements. In order to obtain the characteristics of the various species of bacteria, 7 samples were selected. The analytical method adopted for this study is the conventional hydrochemical technic and multivariate statistical analysis, coupled with the hydrogeochemical modelling. The results revealed that, water from the zone under study are acidic to basic, very weakly to weakly mineralized. Four types of water were identified: 1) CaMg-HCO<sub>3</sub>;2) CaMg-Cl-SO<sub>4</sub>;3) NaCl-SO<sub>4</sub> and 4) NaK-HCO<sub>3</sub>. The major elements were all listed in the World Health Organization guidelines for drinking water quality, except for nitrates which was found at a concentration > 50 mg /l <span style="white-space:nowrap;">NO<sup>-</sup><sub style="margin-left:-7px;">3</sub> </span>in the borehole F401. As for the hydrobiological aspect, the entire sample contained all the bacteriological species except for spring S301 and well P401. According to the hydrogeochemical modelling, the Gibbs model and multivariate statistical tests, the quality of surface and ground water of the Foumban locality is influenced by two important factors: 1) the natural factors characterized by the water-rock interaction, evapotranspiration/crystallization, 2) the anthropogenic factors such as: uncontrolled discharges of liquid and solid effluents of all kinds and without any prior treatment within the ground and the strong urbanization accompanied by lack of sanitation and insufficient care.This study focuses on the geochemical and bacteriological investigation of surface and ground water in the Bamoun plateau (Western-Cameroon). During the period from September 2013 to August 2014, 71 samples were collected from two springs, one borehole, four wells and the Nchi stream for analysis of major elements. In order to obtain the characteristics of the various species of bacteria, 7 samples were selected. The analytical method adopted for this study is the conventional hydrochemical technic and multivariate statistical analysis, coupled with the hydrogeochemical modelling. The results revealed that, water from the zone under study are acidic to basic, very weakly to weakly mineralized. Four types of water were identified: 1) CaMg-HCO<sub>3</sub>;2) CaMg-Cl-SO<sub>4</sub>;3) NaCl-SO<sub>4</sub> and 4) NaK-HCO<sub>3</sub>. The major elements were all listed in the World Health Organization guidelines for drinking water quality, except for nitrates which was found at a concentration > 50 mg /l <span style="white-space:nowrap;">NO<sup>-</sup><sub style="margin-left:-7px;">3</sub> </span>in the borehole F401. As for the hydrobiological aspect, the entire sample contained all the bacteriological species except for spring S301 and well P401. According to the hydrogeochemical modelling, the Gibbs model and multivariate statistical tests, the quality of surface and ground water of the Foumban locality is influenced by two important factors: 1) the natural factors characterized by the water-rock interaction, evapotranspiration/crystallization, 2) the anthropogenic factors such as: uncontrolled discharges of liquid and solid effluents of all kinds and without any prior treatment within the ground and the strong urbanization accompanied by lack of sanitation and insufficient care.

关 键 词:Foumban Surface and Ground Water Water-Rock Interaction Bacteriological Parameters Hierarchical Clustering Analysis Principal Component Analysis 

分 类 号:O17[理学—数学]

 

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