A formula to investigate the wave effect in a multi-lens system is presented on the basis of a path integral formalism by generalizing the work by Nakamura and Deguchi (1999). The wave effect of a system with two lens...
In the present paper, gravitational lensing is described as the electromagnetic influence from gravity waves on light waves. Previous reports have described the dynamic electromagnetic processes of the atom, the photo...
The principal testing ground for general relativity is the observable Universe. Gravitational lensing is the leading observational technique that gives insight into the distribution of baryonic matter in the stellar, ...