Background: The utricular macula is located on the floor of the utricle, approximately in the plane of the lateral semicircular canal, and is oriented to respond best to lateral tilts and side-to-side or fore-and-aft ...
supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30470560 and 30730041);the National Basic Research Program of China (No.2007CB512306);the Knowledge Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No.KSCX1-YW-R-36)
Objective The macula lagena in birds is located at the apical end of the cochlea and contains many tiny otoliths. The macula lagena is innervated and has neural projections to the brainstem, but its physiological func...