supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.30270207,40332016);Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Grant No.G000077700);Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University(PCSIRT).
The origins and radiations of metazoans, bilat- erians, deuterostomes and vertebrates have been recognized as the four most important milestone events in animal his- tory and, conversely four of the toughest and puzzl...