the Main Direction Program of the Knowledge Innovation of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KZCX2-YW-206);the National Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China (Grant No. 40325013);the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40774083)
Red sprites, different from lightning flashes occurring in the troposphere, are large and brief dis-charges which appear in the altitude range from about 40 to 90 km above large thunderstorms and are usually caused by...