TI,SM,and TA were supported by startup funds provided to VN by Purdue Fort Wayne and Colorado State University.DF and JK were supported by USDA NIFA MO-HAPS0006 and the University of Missouri Research Board.JK was supported by AFRI EWD(2019-67011-29729)from the U.S.Department of Agriculture,National Institute of Food and Agriculture.The authors wish to thank Bruce Arnold for technical support with the electrical penetration graph machine.
Diurnal variation in phloem sap composition has a strong infuence on aphid performance.The sugar-rich phloem sap serves as the sole diet for aphids and a suite of physiological mechanisms and behaviors allowv them to ...