supported by the National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Program of China(Grant Nos.2014GB106005 and 2010GB106000);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11175126;11435009 and 11505123)
Dear Editors,Plasma-Wall Interactions(PWIs)are important for the development of magnetic confinement fusion devices such as International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor(ITER),as they can release impurities into th...