In the structures where long-term behavior should be monitored and controlled, creep and shrinkage effects have to be included precisely in the analysis and design procedures. Shrinkage varies with the constituent and...
supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation(No. BIA2011-23602);the European Community with the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER), Spain
This paper describes one approach to the design of reinforced concrete (RC) bridge piers, using a three-hybrid multi- objective simulated annealing (SA) algorithm with a neighborhood move based on the mutation operato...