A non-Abelian gauge field is introduced to maintain the gauge invariance for the self-similar transformation, resulting in three conservation laws. It has been found that the non-Abelian gauge field is suitable to ele...
A century old methodology for deriving statistical distribution using approximate Stirling’s formulation of the factorial becomes questionable. By avoiding the use of exaggerated approximations, a new picture of the ...
It is shown that electrons forming simple and multiple covalent bonds may have different contribu-tions to the interatomic interactions due to the degeneracy of electron states. A simple relationship between the lengt...