the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31672303 to C.Y.and 31772453 to W.L.);the current laws of China.Fieldwork was carried out under permission from Zhalong National Nature Reserve,P.R.China.
Egg recognition is a variable but common anti-parasitism defense among different species of birds with brood parasites.In contrast,nestling recognition is rare.Very few studies have found nestling recognition in brood...
support was provided by Funda玢o para a Ciência e Tecnologia(SAPIENS Project POCI/BIA-BDE/57053/2004 and a PhD grant PRAXIS/SFRH/BD/21403/2005).
The Lusitanian and the Mediterranean pine voles(Microtus lusitanicus Gerbe,1879 and Microtus duodecimcostatus de Selys-Longchamps,1839)are fossorial sister species and have an allopatric pattern of distribution in Por...