中国共产党对“中华民族”相关概念的翻译——基于汉文、藏文、维吾尔文版《毛泽东选集》的研究  

The Translation of Relevant Concepts of “the Chinese Nation” by the Communist Party of China——Research on Selected Works of Mao Tse-Tung in Han Chinese, Tibetan, and Uyghur Languages

作　　者：励轩 LI Xuan(School of History and Culture,Sichuan University;Research Base for Fostering A Strong Sense of the Chinese National Community,Sichuan University,Chengdu Sichuan 610000)

机构地区：[1]四川大学历史文化学院 [2]四川大学铸牢中华民族共同体意识研究基地,四川成都610000

出　　处：《中央民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第2期27-38,共12页Journal of Minzu University of China(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大研究专项“近代东部藏区商业贸易中藏族与各民族的交流交往研究”(项目编号:20VMZ005);国家民委民族研究项目“‘中华民族’概念在中国共产党民族话语体系中的演进及内在逻辑研究”(项目编号:2021-GMB-002)的阶段性成果;四川大学铸牢中华民族共同体意识研究基地专项基金资助

摘　　要：翻译是“中华民族”相关概念进入我国少数民族文字中的关键一环。早在民国时期,将“中华民族”相关概念翻译为少数民族文字的工作即已开始,如《蒙藏周报》1930年就已将“中华民族”一词翻译成藏文,但历史上首次对“中华民族”相关概念进行大规模系统和完整的少数民族语文翻译,则是伴随着《毛泽东选集》的少数民族文字版翻译工作启动而展开的。在翻译《毛泽东选集》的过程中,中国共产党注意到要平衡中华民族的整体地位和各个少数民族的特殊地位,因此在概念翻译中既突出了中华民族的整体感,又明确了对国内各民族之民族地位的承认。同时,中国共产党当时已认识到需要处理民族认同的多层次性问题,因此在文本的再创造过程中通过特别的翻译手法明确了作为高一层次的中华民族与作为低一层次的具体民族之间的差别。《毛泽东选集》翻译工作对“中华民族”相关概念在少数民族群众中的传播意义重大而深远,通过将《毛泽东选集》翻译为少数民族文字并在民族地区大规模发行少数民族文字版《毛泽东选集》,事实上有助于少数民族群众初步形成中华民族具有一体性和多元性的认识。Translation is a key element for the introduction of relevant concepts of“the Chinese nation”into the Chinese ethnic languages.As early as in the Republic of China period,the work of translating the relevant concepts of“Chinese nation”into ethnic language had begun.For instance,the Mongolian and Tibetan Weekly translated“the Chinese Nation”into Tibetan in 1930.However,the first large-scale,systematic,and complete translation of the relevant concepts of“the Chinese Nation”into ethnic languages in history was carried out with the launch of the translation of Selected Works of Mao Tse-Tung.During its translation,the CPC noticed the need to balance the overall status of the Chinese nation with the special status of ethnic groups,therefore the translation of the concepts not only highlighted the sense of wholeness of the Chinese nation,but also acknowledged the status of all ethnic groups in China.At the same time,the CPC also seemed to be aware of the need to deal with the multilevel issue of ethnic identity.Therefore,in the process of recreation of the text,the differences between the Chinese nation as a higher level and the specific ethnic identity as a lower level are made clear through special translation techniques.The translation of Selected Works of Mao Tse-Tung is of great significance to the transmission of the relevant concepts of“the Chinese Nation”among ethnic people.Indeed,the translation of Selected Works of Mao Tse-Tung into ethnic languages and its large-scale distribution in ethnic regions hasmade it possible for ethnic people to acquire a basic understanding of the unity and diversity of the Chinese nation.

关 键 词：中国共产党 《毛泽东选集》 中华民族 民族 翻译 

分 类 号：D633[政治法律—政治学] A84[政治法律—中外政治制度]