我国沿海地区市售贝类腹泻性贝类毒素污染及膳食暴露的空间分析  

Spatial analysis of diarrhetic shellfish poison contamination and dietary exposure of commercially available shellfish in coastal areas of China

作　　者：贺娇 孙金芳[1] 杨欣 周萍萍 张磊 李建文 余小金[1] 曹佩 HE Jiao;SUN Jinfang;YANG Xin;ZHOU Pingping;ZHANG Lei;LI Jianwen;YU Xiaojin;CAO Pei(Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,School of Public Health,Southeast University,Jiangsu Nanjing 210009,China;China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment,Beijing 100022,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,江苏南京210009 [2]国家食品安全风险评估中心,北京100022

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2023年第8期1166-1173,共8页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1606500);国家自然基金科学基金面上项目(81573159)

摘　　要：目的分析我国沿海地区市售双壳贝类中腹泻性贝类毒素(DSP)污染水平及膳食暴露的空间分布及空间集聚性特征,为早期预警和防控策略提供科学依据。方法基于经典替代法与逆正态填补法对DSP未检出值进行填补并计算膳食暴露;基于省级空间尺度,对我国沿海地区DSP污染及膳食暴露进行全局以及局部空间自相关分析。结果2016—2021年我国10个沿海省(自治区、直辖市)6355份贝类样品中DSP检出率为6.34%,主要为虾夷扇贝毒素(YTX)(5.41%),主要污染区域为福建、广西、河北、广东等地。全局自相关分析显示,蛤毒素组污染水平全局Moran’s I=0.55(P=0.02),YTX组暴露全局Moran’s I=0.27(P=0.01),呈空间聚集性分布;局部自相关分析显示,DSP污染水平主要存在两个高-高集聚区,位于辽宁和山东;DSP暴露水平主要在河北、广西和辽宁呈高-低集聚特征。结论我国沿海地区DSP污染与膳食暴露存在地区差异,且在局部呈现一定的区域化特征,建议相关政府机构根据DSP污染与膳食暴露空间分布特征制定区域化精准监测与膳食干预措施,保障贝类食用安全。Objective This study aimed to provide evidence for early warning,prevention,and monitoring strategies relating to the spatial distribution and clustering characteristics of diarrhetic shellfish poison(DSP)contamination and dietary exposure of commercially available shellfish in coastal areas in China.Methods Classical substitution and the inverse normal imputation method were used to indicate undetected DSP values and calculate dietary exposure.Based on the provincial spatial scale,the global and local spatial autocorrelation analyses of food contamination and exposure in the DSP in coastal China were explored.Results From 2016 to 2021,a total of 6355 shellfish samples were collected from 10 coastal provinces in China.The detection rate of DSP was 6.34%.Yessotoxins(YTX)reported the highest detection rate at 5.41%.The main contaminated areas include Fujian,Guangxi,Hebei,and Guangdong.The global Moran’s I value of contamination of pectenotoxins was 0.55(P=0.02)and of YTX was 0.27(P=0.01),this demonstrated a spatial clustering effect on the contamination and dietary exposure of DSP.Local spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that two high-high clustering were detected in Liaoning and Shandong for DSP contamination.For dietary exposure to DSP,there was a high-low clustering phenomenon in Hebei,Guangxi,and Liaoning.Conclusion There are regional differences in DSP contamination and dietary exposure in coastal China,demonstrating localized regionalization.To improve shellfish food safety,government agencies should formulate regionalized precision monitoring and dietary interventions based on the spatial distribution of DSP contamination and dietary exposure.

关 键 词：腹泻性贝类毒素 空间分析 膳食暴露 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]