也谈错案追责“虚化”——以清代错案责任为例  

Lack of Accountability?——The Research of Judicial Liability for Misjudged Cases in the Qing Dynasty

作　　者：白阳 Bai Yang

机构地区：[1]上海政法学院法律学院 [2]复旦大学

出　　处：《中山大学法律评论》2022年第1期98-116,共19页Sun Yatsen University Law Review

摘　　要：冤假错案无疑是司法公正最大的噩梦。为了控制冤假错案的出现,社会舆论不断要求加大错案追责的力度,学者也指出当前错案追责机制与清代相比,呈现出一种“虚化”的态势,从而加剧了冤假错案的产生。本文针对这一观点,以清代错案责任制度为参照系,指出当下对追责虚化的看法欠缺说服力,减少冤假错案的关键问题并不仅仅在于加大处罚的力度,还需要厘清不同规范之间适用的界限。同时,本文分析“追责就必然能减少冤案”的内在逻辑,指出其内在缺陷以及一味加强追责制度可能带来的危害。In order to eliminate misjudged cases,public opinion demands to strengthen the accountability efforts.Scholars have pointed out that lack of accountability for wrongful conviction will inevitably lead to more misjudged cases.This article will investigate the system of judicial liability for misjudged cases in Qing dynasty,and indicate that this kind of view is not convincing.The key issue of eliminating misjudged cases is not merely to increase the intensity of punishment,but to clarify the boundaries between criminal punishment and administrative sanctions.At the same time,this article will analyze the inherent logic of“accountability will reduce misjudged cases”,pointing out its errors and the possible harm caused by blindly strengthening the accountability efforts.

关 键 词：冤假错案 错案追责 清代司法 逻辑缺陷 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学] D929[历史地理—中国史]