人工智能司法应用的实践审思与完善  

Reflection on the Practice of Artificial Intelligence in Judicial Application in the Era of Digital Intelligence and its Improvement

作　　者：龚善要 Gong Shanyao(the Law School of Southeast University)

机构地区：[1]东南大学法学院

出　　处：《国家检察官学院学报》2023年第5期95-108,共14页Journal of National Prosecutors College

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“智能技术赋能政法领域全面深化改革研究”(22ZDA074);国家重点研发计划2021年度重点专项“立法公众意见综合分析及法律条文智能审查技术研究”(2021YFC3340300)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：人工智能司法应用在辅助司法裁判、提升管理质量、促进司法效率的同时,也呈现出背反效应。人工智能不仅未能有效消解既有司法运行中的不足,反而弱化了以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革、固化了司法管理的科层制、增加了一线司法人员的工作负担。基于本体论、认识论以及方法论的内因剖析,上述背反源于人工智能对司法本体的关注不足、理性主义的融入缺失以及可解释性立场的方法忽视所致。未来,人工智能司法应用的背反效应可以通过对实质法治观、多元考核机制等司法本体的强化,以人为中心的经验理性主义以及算法数据、过程、结果的可解释性等措施进行体系矫正,进而实现人工智能司法应用的深入推进。The application of artificial intelligence(AI)in the judicial system has shown both positive and negative effects.While AI assists in judicial decision-making,improves management quality,and enhances judicial efficiency,it also presents contradictory outcomes.Rather than effectively addressing the existing shortcomings in the judicial system,AI has weakened the ongoing reforms aimed at placing the trial at the center of the litigation process.It has also solidified the hierarchical management of the judiciary,leading to an increased workload for frontline judicial personnel.Through an analysis based on ontology,epistemology,and methodology,these contradictions stem from AI’s insufficient attention to the essence of justice,the lack of integration of rationalism,and the disregard for the importance of interpretability.In the future,the contradictions in the application of AI in the judicial system can be addressed by strengthening the essence of justice,implementing a multi-dimensional assessment mechanism,adopting a human-centered approach based on experiential rationalism,and ensuring interpretability in algorithmic data,processes,and outcomes.This will enable the deepening advancement of AI in the field of judiciary.

关 键 词：ChatGPT 背反效应 理性主义 司法改革 

分 类 号：D915.18[政治法律—诉讼法学]