明代家刻与士绅社会:以杭州张氏为例(下)  

Household Publication of Ming Dynasty and Gentry Society——A Case Study of Zhang Clan in Hangzhou(PART 2)

作　　者：戴联斌 Lianbin Dai(University of Victoria,Canada)

机构地区：[1]加拿大维多利亚大学

出　　处：《印刷文化（中英文）》2021年第2期90-111,共22页Print Culture

摘　　要：传统观点认为,士绅阶层的家刻活动具有利他主义的属性。事实上,和坊刻本一样,家刻本也会进入书籍市场流通。本文的重心,则是论证家刻活动是士绅家族文化策略的一部分,其目的是维持其文化传统和士绅身份,与土地、教育同等重要。本文第一部分对明代家刻本的数量以及家刻本体现的刊行者—作者关系类型进行历史统计分析,认为明代家刻本数量是持续增加的,最后150年是家刻活动的繁盛期,其中以作者自刻本、家人刻本、鉴藏刻本和门生刻本最能体现家刻本的社会功能。第二部分具体分析杭州张瀚(1510—1593)家族自16世纪至19世纪末的著述和刻书活动,以检讨张氏家族如何借助家刻活动来维持其文化传统和士绅地位。结论部分,回顾本文所用方法,暂称之为"目录学重建",认为这是利用中国传统目录研究中国书籍史的第一步。The traditional view holds that household publishing in the gentry class had the attribute of altruism.Like commercial publications,in effect,household publications also entered the book market for circulation.This article is focused on demonstrating that household publishing as a part of the cultural strategy of gentry family was important to maintain their cultural tradition and gentry identity like land and education.The first part of this paper makes historical statistical analysis on the number of household publications in the Ming Dynasty and the relationship of publisher-author,thinking that the number of household publications is continuously increasing in Ming Dynasty and prosperous in the last 150 years,in which the self-published editions,family member editions,connoisseur editions and protégéeditions can be the best ref lections of household publications’social function.The second part analyzes the writing and household publishing of the Zhang Han(1510-1593)family in Hangzhou from the 16 th century to the end of the 19 th century,to show how the Zhang family maintained its cultural tradition and gentry status by means of household publishing.The article concludes with a review of the approach it uses,temporarily termed“Bibliography Reconstruction”,believing it to be the first step to research into Chinese history of books through traditional Chinese bibliography.

关 键 词：家刻本 出版史 书籍史 宗族 士绅社会 中国目录学 

分 类 号：G239.29[文化科学] G257