新冠肺炎疫情下成年一般居民、学生和残疾人心理热线认知和利用情况分析  

Investigation on cognition and utilization of the psychological hotline among the adult general residents,students and people with disabilities in the COVID-19 epidemic

作　　者：解海霞 吴述银 曾叙衡 魏燕 黄晓伟 苌凤水 XIE Haixia;WU Shuyin;ZENG Xuheng;WEI Yan;HUANG Xiaowei;CHANG Fengshui(Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital(Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center),Tongji University Affiliated Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital,Shanghai 201619,China;School of Health Management,Bengbu Medical College,Bengbu 233030,China;Department of Health Policy and Management,School of Public Health,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China;Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430030,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市养志康复医院(上海市阳光康复中心),同济大学附属养志康复医院,上海201619 [2]蚌埠医学院卫生管理学院,安徽蚌埠233030 [3]复旦大学公共卫生学院卫生事业管理学教研室,上海200032 [4]华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院,湖北武汉430030

出　　处：《心理月刊》2022年第10期5-9,21,共6页

基　　金：2020年度松江区科技攻关项目(20SJKJGG242);安徽高校人文社会科学研究项目(SK2019A0182);国家自然科学基金(71673052);国家社会科学基金重大项目(No.17ZDA078)

摘　　要：目的分析新冠肺炎疫情下成年一般居民、学生和残疾人的心理热线认知和利用情况及其影响因素。方法2020年3月底在微信和QQ群中开展匿名网络调查,调查样本基本信息、疫情及相关影响情况、心理热线认知和利用情况等。采用描述性统计、卡方分析和多元Logistic回归分析方法。结果共收集有效问卷3181份,其中成年一般居民1929例、学生941例、残疾人311例。71.08%(置信区间为69.50%~72.65%)的调查对象知晓心理援助热线,热线拨打率为8.33%(置信区间为7.37%~9.29%),其中残疾人为23.15%,居民8.61%,学生2.87%。在打通热线的人群中,88.66%认为很有帮助或较有帮助,残疾人认为有帮助的比例较低(71.67%)。性别、年龄、工作情况、收入情况和疫情情况等是一般居民知晓和拨打心理热线的影响因素,性别和焦虑抑郁情况是学生知晓和拨打心理热线的影响因素,而残疾人知晓和拨打心理热线的影响因素是性别、学历、疫情情况和焦虑抑郁情况。结论样本人群的心理热线知晓率较高,总体拨打效果较好。残疾人对心理热线需求较大但效果相对较差。建议加强心理热线建设并扩大宣传,重点关注残疾人等弱势群体的心理服务需求。Objective To analyze the cognition,utilization and their influencing factors of psychological hotlines among the adult general residents,students and people with disabilities in the context of COVID-19 epidemic.Methods An online survey was conducted in WeChat and QQ groups at the end of March 2020.The data on basic information of the participants,epidemic situation and related impacts,cognition and utilization of psychological hotline,etc.were collected anonymously.Descriptive statistics,chi-square analysis and multiple logistic regression were used.Results A total of 3181 valid questionnaires were collected,including 1929 adult general residents,941 students and 311 people with disabilities.71.08%(CI:69.50%~72.65%)of the respondents knew the psychological hotlines,and 8.33%(CI:7.37%~9.29%)of the respondents called the hotlines,of which 23.15%were people with disabilities,8.61%were general residents,and 2.87%were students.Among the people who called the hotline,88.66%thought it was very helpful,while the proportion of the people with disabilities was relatively low(71.67%).Gender,age,job status,income,and epidemic situation,etc.were the influencing factors of the cognition and utilization of psychological hotline among general residents,and gender and anxiety/depression were those relevant factors among students,and the influencing factors among the people with disabilities were gender,educational background,epidemic situation,anxiety and depression.Conclusion The awareness rate of psychological hotline among the sample population was high,and the overall effect was also good.People with disabilities had a large demand for psychological hotlines service,but the efficacy was relatively low.It is suggested to strengthen the construction of psychological hotlines and expand publicity,focusing on the psychological service needs for the people with disabilities and other vulnerable groups.

关 键 词：新冠肺炎疫情 心理热线 一般居民 学生 残疾人 影响因素 

分 类 号：B845.67[哲学宗教—心理学]