清代武汉方言精组和知照组声母的分合演变  

The Division and Combination Evolution of MC Jing 精 and Zhi-Zhao 知照 Initial Groups in Wuhan Dialect in Qing Dynasty

作　　者：钱奠香 QIAN Dianxiang

机构地区：[1]厦门大学人文学院中文系,厦门

出　　处：《中国方言学报》2022年第1期104-125,共22页

摘　　要：本文通过比较分析清代武汉方言韵书《四字正音》和清末美国圣公会传教士殷德生(James Addison Ingle)的《汉音集字》等文献,探讨了清初以来武汉方言精组和知照组声母分合演变的特殊现象及规律。清初武汉方言精组和知照组虽然还保留两组声母的区别,但大多数字已经合流,其中的洪音字合流之后不再变化,但细音字到了清代中后期,精组和知照组又分开,精组字继续保持细音的读法,知照组字则改读洪音,不再与精组字同音。这是清代武汉方言声母演变的一大特点。Comparing Si Zi Zheng Yin《四字正音》,a rhyme book of Wuhan dialect in Qing dynasty,and Hankow Syllabary《汉音集字》,a rhyme book of Wuhan dialect written by James Addison Ingle(殷德生)who was an American Anglican missionary in the late Qing Dynasty,this paper discussess about the division and combination of MC Jing精and Zhi-Zhao知照initial groups in Wuhan dialect since the early Qing dynasty.It aruges that although characters of MC Jing精and Zhi-Zhao知照intial groups remained separated as two initial groups in Wuhan dialect in the early Qing dynasty,most of them already combined at that time,among which those without[-i-]or[-y-]glides continue to remain unchanged,while those with[-i-]or[-y-]glides became separated again in the middle and late Qing dynasty,of which those of MC Jing精initial group remained the pronunciations with[-i-]or[-y-]glides while those of MC Zhi-Zhao知照initial groups changed to pronunciations without[-i-]or[-y-]glides.That is a major feature of the evolution of the initials of Wuhan dialect in Qing Dynasty.

关 键 词：武汉方言 声母演变 精组 知照组 清代 

分 类 号：H172.3[语言文字—汉语]