基于子空间约束Huber范数的深度域地震子波提取  

Depth-domain wavelet estimation using the subspace-constrained Huber norm

作　　者：张杰[1,2] 陈学华[1,2] 蒋伟 但志伟[3] 肖为 ZHANG Jie;CHEN Xuehua;JIANG Wei;DAN Zhiwei;XIAO Wei(State Key Laboratory of Oil&Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu,Sichuan 610059,China;Key Laboratory of Earth Exploration and InformationTechnology of Ministry of Education,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu,Sichuan610059,China;Data Processing Company,Geophysical Branch,China Oilfield Services Limited,CNOOC,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524057,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室,四川成都610059 [2]成都理工大学地球勘探与信息技术教育部重点实验室,四川成都610059 [3]中海油田服务公司物探事业部特普公司,广东湛江524057

出　　处：《石油地球物理勘探》2020年第6期1231-1236,1244,1161-1162,共9页Oil Geophysical Prospecting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“致密储层裂缝系统诱发地震异常的机理及其与产能的关系”(41874143);“含流体弱能量暗点储层的地震识别机理与方法”(41574130);国家科技重大专项“多尺度碳酸盐岩裂缝储层结构的地震精细描述研究”(2016ZX05014-001-009);四川省青年科技创新研究团队项目“油气地球物理勘探”(2016TD0023)联合资助

摘　　要：在常速度深度域,只有数百米深度范围的可用测井信息,相当于常速度深度域子波长度的2~5倍。因此,在常速度深度域中从"短数据"中提取可靠的地震子波难度较大。为此,提出了一种基于子空间约束Huber范数的深度域地震子波提取方法。实现过程为:将深度域反射系数、深度域井旁道通过速度变换转换到常速度深度域;给定初始子波和阈值,合成常速度深度域地震记录;计算合成地震记录与井旁地震记录的残差,并根据残差使用迭代最小二乘法更新地震子波,直至达到迭代终止条件。正演模型测试和实际数据应用结果表明,相较于一些常规方法,所提方法从较短的深度域数据中提取的地震子波更可靠,对于反映深度域地震子波随深度变化的特征,并根据需要提取深变地震子波具有重要意义。Generally,in the constant-velocity depth domain,only a few hundred meters of logging information is available,and is equivalent to 2~5 times the length of a constant depth-domain seismic wavelet.It is difficult to estimate a reliable seismic wavelet from such a short data segment.To address this issue,we proposed a method for estimating the constant-velocity depth-domain wavelet using the subspace-constrained Huber norm.The corresponding procedure can be divided into three steps.First,the reflectivity and the seismic trace near the well location are transformed from the real depth domain to the constant-velocity depth domain.Next,set a threshold and generate the initial synthetic seismogram by convoluting the constantvelocity depth-domain reflectivity and the initial seismic wavelet.Finally,the seismic wavelet is updated by iterative least square method according to the residual error of the synthetic seismogram and the seismic trace until the iteration termination condition is reached.We compare the proposed method and the conventional least square-based methods through the synthetic and field seismic data.The results show that the high performance of our method for estimating the reliable wavelet from limited seismic and well-log data segment.The proposed method can be further extended to estiamte the depth-variant seismic wavelets.

关 键 词：深度域 地震子波提取 子空间约束 Huber范数 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]