湖泊生态缓冲带识别与生态系统服务价值评估——以滇池为例  

Lake ecological buffer zone identification and ecosystem service value evaluation: A case study of Lake Dianchi

作　　者：王佳恒 颜蔚 段学军[2,3] 段岩燕 邹辉[2,3] 金满库 WANG Jiaheng;YAN Wei;DUAN Xuejun;DUAN Yanyan;ZOU Hui;JIN Manku(School of Geography and Environmental Science,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China;Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学地理与环境科学学院,天津300387 [2]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,南京210008 [3]中国科学院流域地理学重点实验室,南京210008 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学报》2023年第3期1005-1015,共11页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41901156);中国国土勘测规划院外协项目(20221811179)

摘　　要：湖滨带及环湖区域是发挥湖泊生态功能的关键区域,湖泊生态缓冲带建设是生态系统服务功能提升和湖泊生态保育的重要手段。基于原地产污贡献、单位面积价值当量因子和GIS分析等方法,以滇池为例识别湖泊生态缓冲带并评估生态系统服务价值。结果表明:(1)滇池生态缓冲带识别划定出山体型缓冲带、农田型缓冲带、村落型缓冲带、城镇型缓冲带和湿地型缓冲带等5种类型,上边界和下边界长度为171.50km和127.55km,平均宽度为349.49m,总面积为38.12km^(2);其中湿地型占主,缓冲带宽度处于20—825m之间,面积为10.31km^(2)、占比27.05%;(2)2000—2020年环滇池区域生态系统服务价值整体呈下降趋势,价值总量由12.40亿元降低至7.78亿元;价值等级以低等级和中等级别为主,多期评估显示二者占比处于70.21%—77.66%之间;外海北岸和草海区域生态系统服务价值降低最为明显,反映出城镇建设等人类活动的影响;(3)环滇池区域湿地型、林地型和草地型三种情景模拟对生态系统服务价值分别提升58.87%、21.08%和17.48%,湿地型情景下水文调节、生物多样性等指标提升效果显著。研究结果直观显示了生态缓冲带的生态价值,为滇池生态缓冲带构建和生态修复提供参考。The lakeshore and the area around the lake were the key areas for lake ecological functions.The construction of lake ecological buffer zone was an important means to improve ecosystem services and lake ecological conservation.Lake Dianchi is located in the south of the main urban area of Kunming,Yunnan Province,with an altitude of 1886m and an area of about 300km^(2).It is the largest plateau freshwater lake in China and plays an important role in supporting the ecological security barrier in Southwest China.Dianchi Lake Basin is the most concentrated and dynamic area of social economy and urban development in Yunnan Province as well.In recent years,with the rapid development of Dianchi Lake Basin,various ecological and environmental problems have arisen constantly.Based on the pollutant generation of land patches,the value equivalent factor per unit area and GIS analysis,this paper took Lake Dianchi as an example to identify the lake ecological buffer zone and evaluate the ecosystem service value around the lake.The results showed that:(1)the ecological buffer zone identification of Lake Dianchi delineated five types:mountain buffer zone,farmland buffer zone,village buffer zone,urban buffer zone and wetland buffer zone.The upper and lower border lengths were 171.50km and 127.55km,with an average width of 349.49 m and a total area of 38.12km^(2).Among them,the wetland buffer zone was dominant and its width ranged from 20 to 825 m,with an area of 10.31km^(2),accounting for 27.05%.(2)The overall ecosystem service value of the Lake Dianchi region from 2000 to 2020 has been declining,the total value decreased from 1.240 billion yuan to 778 million yuan.The value grades were mainly low-grade and medium-grade,and the multi-period assessments showed that the proportions of the low-grade and medium-grade were 70.21%and 77.66%,respectively.The decreases of the ecosystem services value in the north coast of Waihai and Caohai were the most significant,reflecting the impact of intensive human activities such as urban constru

关 键 词：湖泊生态缓冲带 生态系统服务价值 湖滨带 滇池 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]