基于KBM法的气垫式调压室涌波显式解析解研究  

Study on explicit analytical solution of surge waves in air cushion surge chamber based on KBM method

作　　者：欧传奇[1] 刘德有[1,2] 周领[2] OU Chuanqi;LIU Deyou;ZHOU Ling(International Centre on Small Hydro Power,Hangzhou 310002;College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098)

机构地区：[1]国际小水电中心,杭州310002 [2]河海大学水利水电学院,南京210098

出　　处：《水力发电学报》2020年第8期19-27,共9页Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51679066,51839008);霍英东教育基金会青年教师基金(161068)

摘　　要：调压室涌波计算是水电站引水系统设计和优化的重要内容。为解决现有调压室涌波隐式计算公式应用困难、显示计算公式通用性差等问题,本文通过建立统一的气垫式调压室室内气体体积与水位关系,考虑过渡过程流量变化状态和系统阻力、阻抗作用特点,推导出对各种体型均适用的气垫式调压室水位涌波方程,分别以稳定终了、初始稳定时刻为基准,采用KBM渐近法求得其水位涌波及相关极值的显示解析计算公式,并分析了不同基准的公式误差。这些公式求解方便,其中以稳定终了为基准的公式计算误差可控制在1%以内,且对各种体型的气垫式调压室及开敞式调压室均适用。Calculation of surge waves in the surge chamber of a hydropower station is an important part of its water conveyance system design and optimization. This paper describes a unified relationship of indoor gas volume versus water level in an air cushion surge chamber(ASC) to overcome the difficulty in calculation of the existing implicit formula of surge waves and its poor universality. We consider the flow rate changes and the characteristics of system resistance and impedance in the transient process, and derive a water level equation of ASC applicable to different chamber shapes. Based on the start time and end time of transient, we use the KBM asymptotic method to derive an analytical formula for calculating the ASC water levels and related extremums and evaluate its errors at different time benchmarks. Results show that these formulae are easy to calculate and applicable to the ASCs with various shapes and the open surge chambers, with calculation errors within the range of 1% at the end time of transient.

关 键 词：气垫式调压室 KBM法 渐近法 解析公式 涌波 涌波极值 

分 类 号：TV732.56[水利工程—水利水电工程]