行政法上第三人保护的权利基础  

The Right Basis of Third Party Protection in Administrative Law

作　　者：王世杰 

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学法学院

出　　处：《法制与社会发展》2022年第2期82-99,共18页Law and Social Development

摘　　要：第三人的公权利可谓行政法上第三人保护的权利基础。只有以公权利为支点,才能建构行政法上第三人保护的完整体系,为第三人提供周延的保护。第三人公权利形成的现实背景是现代的分配行政。随着行政活动形态的变化,社会联系日益密切,行政机关经常要分配有限的资源,调整复杂利益间的冲突,进而可能侵害第三人的利益。在民主秩序中,第三人利益与对私益保护的自我决定结合起来,并被扩张的公权利概念所吸纳,第三人的公权利得到承认。应在三方行政法律关系的情境中观察第三人公权利。基于私人间利害关系的不同结构,第三人公权利的形态和判断方法都有所差异。The third party’s subjective public right can be described as the right basis of third party protection in administrative law.Only by taking the subjective public right as the fulcrum,can we construct a complete system of third party protection in administrative law and provide comprehensive protection for third parties.The realistic background of the formation of third party’s subjective public rights originates from the modern distributive administration.With the change of administrative activities and the increase of social connections,administrative organs often must allocate limited resources and adjust the conflicts between complex interests,which may infringe on the interests of third parties.In the democratic order,the interests of third parties are combined with the self-determination of private interest’s protection and are absorbed by the expanded concept of subjective public rights.As a result,third party’s subjective public rights are recognized.The third party’s subjective public rights should be observed in the context of tripartite administrative legal relationships.Based on diverse structures of inter-private interests,the forms and judgment methods of the third party’s subjective public rights are also different.

关 键 词：第三人保护 公权利 分配行政 行政法律关系 

分 类 号：D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]