隧道穿越断层破碎带防突水最小安全厚度及其影响因素  

The minimum safe thickness of tunnel passing through fault fracture zone and its influencing factors

作　　者：李鹏飞[1] 刘宏翔 赵勇 刘建友 王帆[1] LI Pengfei;LIU Hongxiang;ZHAO Yong;LIU Jianyou;WANG Fan(Key Lab of Urban Security and Disaster Engineering of Ministry of Education,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;Sichuan-Tibet Railway Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610043,Sichuan,China;Railway Engineering Consulting Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100020,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学城市与工程安全减灾教育部重点实验室,北京100124 [2]川藏铁路有限公司,四川成都610043 [3]中铁工程设计咨询集团有限公司,北京100020

出　　处：《隧道与地下工程灾害防治》2020年第3期77-84,共8页Hazard Control in Tunnelling and Underground Engineering

摘　　要：隧道在穿越断层破碎带时容易引发突水突泥灾害,隔水岩体的最小安全厚度是避免发生突水突泥灾害的重要保证。综合考虑断层倾角和走向的影响,基于太沙基土压力理论求解断层邻近隧道区域的侧向地应力,建立隧道穿越断层的隔水岩体受力特性分析的计算模型,得到防突水最小安全厚度的计算公式;采用该公式计算祁连山隧道的防突水最小安全厚度,并与实际厚度进行对比,证明了理论解的可靠性和可行性;分析了最小安全厚度的影响因素,结果表明:防突水最小安全厚度随隧道半径、水头高度、断层宽度、断层走向角的增大而增大,随断层倾角的减小而增大,随隔水岩体内摩擦角、黏聚力的增大而减小。When the tunnel crossed the fault fracture zone,it was easy to cause water and mud inrush,the minimum safe thickness of water resisting rock mass is an important guarantee to avoid water and mud inrush.The influence of fault dip angle and strike was considered,the lateral ground stress in the tunnel area adjacent to the faults was solved based on the theory of Terzaghi.The calculation model of mechanical characteristics analysis of water resisting rock mass for tunnel crossing fault was established,and the calculation formula of the minimum safe thickness of water inrush prevention was obtained.The formula was used to calculate the minimum safe thickness in Qilianshan Tunnel,and compared with the actual thickness,which proved the reliability and feasibility of the theoretical solution.The influence factors of the minimum safe thickness were analysed.The results showed that the minimum safe thickness of water inrush prevention increased with the increase of tunnel radius,water head height,fault width and fault strike angle,increased with the decrease of fault dip angle,and decreased with the increase of friction angle and cohesion in water resisting rock mass.

关 键 词：隧道工程 断层破碎带 隔水岩体 最小安全厚度 影响因素分析 

分 类 号：U455.49[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]